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13 February

13 February. Building a Web Page. HTML Files. Two types of information Text Instructions on how to display Instructions are in the form of tags Tags are indicated by < >. Processing HTML. BROWSER HTML processor (software prgram). Interprets HTML Performs the actions. instructions.

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13 February

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  1. 13 February Building a Web Page

  2. HTML Files • Two types of information • Text • Instructions on how to display • Instructions are in the form of tags • Tags are indicated by < >

  3. Processing HTML BROWSER HTML processor (software prgram) • Interprets HTML • Performs the actions instructions data text, pictures, etc. HTML tags

  4. General Structure: HTML Page <html> <! --- most important item in head is the title --- > <head><meta content="text/html"><title>Put your title here</title> </head> <! --- body is where the “good stuff” is --- > <body> What will appear on the page <br> Here … and there </body> </html> WARNING: This is not a complete page. It will not work.

  5. Observations • Two types of commands • Single commands < command > • Start/end commands <c> .. </c> • Logically, what is the difference between them? • Tags can have additional information associated with them -- attributes • Blanks don’t matter

  6. Algorithm exercise:How does Find work? • Tags and text are all characters • Question: Will Find get words that are tags (e.g., Find on “body”)? • Describe the algorithm

  7. HTML Web Resources Tutorial http://www.htmlcodetutorial.com/ Practice http://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp Cheat Sheet: Bare Bones Guide to HTML http://werbach.com/barebones/download.html

  8. Special symbols • < and > are special symbols with special meanings • How would you print A < B ? • Suggestions? • &lt; for < and &gt; for > • & is an escape symbol, which means that it is handled specially • Means that you need a special way to display “&” too: &amp;

  9. Fundamental Page Elements • Within <head> • <title> -- what will appear at the top of the window • Within <body> • Attributes on <body> • Background color or picture • Colors for links • Will discuss colors and pictures later

  10. Text Attributes • Effects • Bold <b> </b> • Italic <i> </i> • Underline <u> </u> • Alignment ALIGN=LEFT|RIGHT|CENTER|JUSTIFY • Attribute on paragraph, heading, … • Font <font> </font> with attributes • face • color • Size • More modern way of defining many attributes is a style sheet, which collects the information and let’s you reuse it • Let’s do formatting without Mozilla composer • Can use cheat sheet: http://werbach.com/barebones/download.html

  11. Structural Components • Headings <h> </h> • Citations <cite> </cite> • Quotations <q> </q> • Why do you want this instead of just format? • Presentation – how it looks • Semantics – what it means

  12. HTML Getting You Down? • Humor Break

  13. Lists and Tables • Regular text is a paragraph • Lists are more fixed formats • Ordered • Bulleted • <ul> <li> </li> </ul> • Unordered • Numbers or letters • <ol> <li> </li> </ul> • Definition • Terms and definitions • <dl> <dt> </dt> <dd> </dd> </dl> • Tables • Two dimensions • Format options • Headings

  14. Tables • Need to define • Table <table> </table> • Row <tr> </tr> • Header (optional) <th> </th> • Data <td> </td> • Caption (optional) <caption> </caption> • Formatting • size • Borders • Can contain anything • Other tables • Pictures • …

  15. Animation on a Computer • Let’s look at some animated clips • What did you see? • How many colors? • Motion? • Is sound the same?

  16. Colors in HTML • What are the three primary colors? • HTML uses an RGB (Red-Green-Blue) definition • Values are 0-255. • (0,0,0) and (255,255,255) represent black and white. Which is which? • Mixing paint vs. mixing light • (0,0,0) = black; (255,255,255) = white

  17. How to indicate colors • There are a set of predefined colors that you can use • Or you can write them out as rgb (200, 130, 125)

  18. Referencing Other Pieces • Access to pictures and links • Most common error • Need complete information for an external picture or link • Need to make sure local references are moved with the page

  19. Retrieving information on a computer • Accessing local information • Accessing remote information • How does networking work?

  20. Links • General model • Anchor to click on • Pointer to the page • Types • Internal • Page • Site • External

  21. HTML Internal Links • Internal points are called anchors • To create an anchor point • <a name=“anchor"></a> • To move to an anchor point • <a href="#anchor">Link text</a> • What differences do you observe? • Two items • Anchor is a point, not a piece of text • Anchor points have a “#” pre-pended to the name

  22. HTML Local Links • Other pages that are always kept with the current one • Not only the same machine, but the same folder • All pages are automatically defined as access points • Connect with the same access tag • <a href=“other page">Link text</a>

  23. Pictures • Inserting with <img> tag • Positioning • Borders • Size

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