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Pregnancy test . HCG- Human chorionic gonadotropin , Mw 36,700 , chemically a glycoprotein , 30% CHO and amino acid Normally person not pregnant has a secretion of this hormones but not detected Function of HCG Stimulate the biosynthesis of ovarian tissue Convert androgen (men) to estrogen (wom
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1. -Pregnancy test Urine (EVA test)-The Measurement of Urinary 17-Oxosteroids. 376 BCH
Miss Tahani Al-Shehri
2. Pregnancy test HCG- Human chorionic gonadotropin , Mw 36,700 , chemically a glycoprotein , 30% CHO and amino acid
Normally person not pregnant has a secretion of this hormones but not detected
Function of HCG
Stimulate the biosynthesis of ovarian tissue
Convert androgen (men) to estrogen (women ) on placenta
Maintain pregnancy
3. Pregnancy test It can give +ve result in these case :-
Hyperactivity of pituitary gland
Functional abnormalities of placenta .
Intrauterine fetal death .
4. The Measurement of Urinary 17-Oxosteroids. OBJECTIVES
To measure the excretion of 17-oxosteroids in a 24-hour collection of urine.
5. INTRODUCTION AND PRINCIPLE Most of the products and metabolites of the androgen pathways in the adrenal and the testis, are in the form of 17-oxosteroids.
The quantity of 17-oxosteroids (17-OS) excreted varies with
Age
Sex
weight.
In females, most of the 17-OS are derived from the
adrenal gland
In the male a considerable percentage (10-20%) is derived from the
testis as metabolites of testosterone (not itself a 17-OS).
The adrenal cortex and testis are both under the hormonal control of the anterior pituitary.
Thus, changes in the 17-OS excretion in urine are found in disease involving the anterior pituitary, adrenal cortex and testis.
6. INTRODUCTION AND PRINCIPLE
Decreased excretion of 17-OS is found when there is
hypo-activity of the adrenal cortex, pituitary, or testis.
Increased excretion of 17-OS in both sexes is normally associated with
increased activity of the adrenal cortex
High levels of 17-OS may be found in some tumors of the testis or ovaries.
Steroids are normally excreted as water-soluble conjugates, glucuronides, and sulphates, since the steroids themselves have very low solubilities in water.
7. INTRODUCTION AND PRINCIPLE These conjugates must be hydrolyzed to liberate the free steroid, before extraction from the urine into an organic solvent, usually chloroform or ethylene dichloride.
The extract is then washed to remove impurities, which interfere with the colorimetric assay and the oxo-steroids are estimated using Zimmerman's reagent.
Zimmerman's reagent is an alkaline solution of n-dinitro-benzene, which slowly forms colored complexes with steroids containing CO.CH2 groups.