ACCESS Follow-Up Spring 2012

1. ACCESS Follow-UpSpring 2012 Thermal Energy and its Applications February 7, 2012

2. WELCOME BACK • So Far we have investigated… • Density • Forces (Contact and Non Contact) • Motion • Energy (Mechanical and Thermal) • Details of the Day – Reviewing and Applying the Content • Equipment Loan Program – CCS and TSH • PLC Info

3. Hot Hands? • What is your body temperature? • Core body temperature is 98.6 oF • Or 37 oC

4. That’s Cool – Or Is It? It’s all Relative! Warm Hot Cool Cold

5. Temperature • A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. • A molecular speedometer

6. The State of Things… Bose-Einstein Condensate Solid Gas Liquid Plasma Low High ENERGY

7. Phase Change Diagram

8. Stations • 1 – Shaq vs Susie • 2 – Warm Clothes • 3 – Sock It To Me! • 4 – What color shirt should I wear? • 5 – Reason for the seasons • 6 – Heating land and water • 7 – Cooling land and water • 8 – Mixing warm and cold water

9. Station 1 – Shaq vs Susie • Who do you think cools faster —Shaq or Susie?

10. Thermal Energy • A measure of the total kinetic energy of all the particles in a material • More molecules = more thermal energy T=95oC T=100oC more thermal E less thermal E

11. Station 2 – Warm Clothes • Do mittens make heat or hold heat in? • What is difference between thermal energy and heat?

12. Heat • Heat is a transfer of thermal energy from an object at a higher temperature to an object at a lower temperature. T=95oC T=100oC Heat transfer more thermal E less thermal E

13. Heat Transfer

14. Station 3 – Sock it to me! • Which type of sock material will keep you warmer? • Cotton, down, nylon, polypropylene, orlon, silk, and wool.

15. Insulators/Conductors • A thermal conductor transfers heat well. • A thermal insulator slows down the transfer of heat.

16. Station 4 – Clothing Colors • What color shirt should I wear to keep warm?

17. Sunlight The Electromagnetic Spectrum * What comes from our Sun?

18. Station 5 – Reason for the Seasons • Why is there such a large temperature change between summer and winter?

19. SUMMER • Earth’s axis is tilted 23.5 o • Summer • N. Hemisphere is oriented more toward sun • Sun rises higher in the sky • Sun is above the horizon longer • Sun’s rays strike the ground more directly

20. WINTER • Earth’s axis is tilted 23.5 o • Winter • N. Hemisphere is oriented more away from sun • Sun rises lower in the sky • Sun is above the horizon less • Sun’s rays strike the ground more indirectly

21. Station 6 –Heating Land and Water

22. Station 6 –Heating Land and Water On a sunny day at the beach… • Air above land warms faster than air above water. (Hot air rises because it is less dense than the surrounding air so that gravity’s pull is less than the buoyant push.) • On a sunny day at the beach, the wind will usually blow from the _______________ to the _______________. This is called a _________ breeze. Sea Land Sea

23. Station 7 –Cooling Land and Water

24. Station 7 –Cooling Land and Water • Air above water is warmer than air above land. • As evening falls, the wind will shift and blow from the _______________ to the _______________. This is called a _______________ breeze. Evening at the beach… Land Sea Land

25. Heat Capacity • Heat Capacity (C) is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius • Water has high heat capacity – takes more heat and more time for its temperature to rise. • It also means that it takes longer for the temperature of water to decrease Animation

26. Station 8 – Mixing Warm and Cold Water

27. Station 8 – Mixing Warm and Cold Water • Specific Heat is the heat capacity of the substance per gram of the substance. The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/g° C • Heat lost (hot water) = heat gained (cold water)

28. Inquiry as an Evolutionary Process Role of the Teacher/Role of the Student

29. New Terms • Thermal Energy • Temperature • Heat • Heat Capacity • Specific Heat • Insulators • Conductors • Conduction • Convection • Radiation