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Testing CPT with CMB

Testing CPT with CMB. 李明哲 University of Bielefeld 2008 年 4 月 28 日. John C. Mather & George F. Smoot. "for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation". Precision Cosmology. CMB (Maxima, Boomerang, WMAP)

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Testing CPT with CMB

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  1. Testing CPT with CMB 李明哲 University of Bielefeld 2008年4月28日

  2. John C. Mather & George F. Smoot "for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation".

  3. Precision Cosmology CMB (Maxima, Boomerang, WMAP) SN Ia (SCP, HZT,SNLS,ESSENCE) LSS (2dfGRS, SDSS) Concordance Model Inflation + Dark Matter + Dark Energy Problems: 1, What is inflaton? What happened in detail during inflation? 2, What is dark matter particle? 3, What is dark energy? 4, Why no anti-matter?

  4. Outline • Brief review on dark energy models • Interacting dark energy, cosmological CPT violation and baryogenesis • Testing CPT with CMB • Summary

  5. Brief review on dark energy models Einstein equation: Negative pressure and almost not cluster Candidates: 1, Cosmological constant (or vacuum energy) Cosmological constant problem! S. Weinberg, RMP(1989) 2, Dynamical fields Quintessence

  6. Phantom Quintom crosses -1 Feng, Wang & Zhang, PLB(2005) Li, Feng & Zhang, JCAP(2005)

  7. Current constraints on dark energy models Quintom A Quintessence Phantom Quintom B

  8. A challenge to dark energy theories No-Go Theorem For theory of dark energy (DE) in the 4D Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe described by a single perfect fluid or a single scalar field with a largangian of , which minimally couples to Einstein Gravity, its equation of state w cannot cross over the cosmological constant boundary. Quintom models with double fields or higher derivatives can avoid this problem Zhao, Xiao, Li, Feng & Zhang, PRD(2005).

  9. Interacting dark energy, cosmological CPT violation and baryogenesis Matter-antimatter asymmetry (Baryon number asymmetry) BBN, CMB, … Since Dirac, fundamental theories are not biased between matter and antimatter We need baryogenesis: the process to produce baryon number asymmetry Sakharov conditions for baryogenesis: • Baryon number non-conserving interaction • C and CP violations • Departure from thermal equilibrium Precondition: CPT is conserved!

  10. CPT Theorem If a field theory: 1) is local; 2) is Hermitian; 3) is Lorentz covariant; 4) satisfies spin-statistic relations; CPT is conserved The rolling of dark energy scalar field breaks Lorentz covariance It provides a source to violate CPT, e.g., Cosmological CPT violation

  11. Generalization

  12. CPT violation in photon sector; P and CP are also violated

  13. Testing CPT with CMB

  14. The CPT violating term is potentially observable with photons polarization

  15. Polarization and Stokes parameters

  16. General definition of Stokes parameters M.Li et al, work in progress

  17. CMB polarization

  18. 1) Bo Feng et al., PRL 96, 221302 (2006) 2) WMAP3 only P.Cabella, Natoli & Silk, PRD76, 123014 (2007) J.Q.Xia et al., arXiv:0710.3325 3) WMAP5 only (WMAP Group) Komatsu et al., arXiv:0803.0547 4) J.Q.Xia et al., arXiv:0803.2350 5) 6) J.Q.Xia et al., arXiv:0710.3325

  19. Summary • Precision cosmology supports the model of the universe with dark energy and current data favors slightly quintom dynamical dark energy. • Interacting dark energy induces cosmological CPT violation, can be tested by CMB and current data provides a weak evidence for such a CPT violation.

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