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CPT Banfield CPT Martinez CPT Rozga CPT Gebert 12 March 2013

Country Brief: Yemen. CPT Banfield CPT Martinez CPT Rozga CPT Gebert 12 March 2013. Unclassified. Purpose & Scope. PURPOSE: To provide a country information brief on the Republic of Yemen with an analysis in the context of a new operating environment.

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CPT Banfield CPT Martinez CPT Rozga CPT Gebert 12 March 2013

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  1. Country Brief: Yemen CPT Banfield CPT Martinez CPT Rozga CPT Gebert 12 March 2013 Unclassified

  2. Purpose & Scope • PURPOSE:To provide a country information brief on the Republic of Yemen with an analysis in the context of a new operating environment. • SCOPE: Cover four of the six cultural influences, environment, history, economy and religion, and their effect on values, behaviors, beliefs and norms in Yemen. Unclassified

  3. Agenda • Environment • History • Economy • Religion Unclassified

  4. World Orientation Unclassified

  5. located in the Middle East; bordered by Oman (288 km), Saudi Arabia (1,458 km), the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea 527,968 sq km (about twice the size of Wyoming) mostly desert; hot/humid along west coast; temperate in mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east; narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains Arable land – 2.91% Permanent Crops – 0.25% Irrigated Land – 6,800 sq km sandstorms and dust storms in summer; limited volcanic activity (last in 2007) Environmental Facts Unclassified

  6. Environmental Maps Topographic Map Precipitation Map Unclassified

  7. Environmental Issues • very limited natural fresh water resources • inadequate supplies of potable water • overgrazing • soil erosion • desertification • agricultural problems Unclassified

  8. Environmental Analysis • limited water supply effects on people, economy and health • harsh climate effects on agriculture, people and economy • population concentration • Gulf of Aden as a strategic location • coastline and border security Unclassified

  9. Yemen is considered the poorest country in the Middle East, but was not always so due to trade, Yemen became home to a mix of people and faiths rise of Islam in 6th century A.D. 19th century divides Yemen into Ottoman Empire north and British ruled south. both Ottoman Empire an British rule collapse by1970. 1990 sees a united Yemen, but not without political fighting, assassination attempt, speculation of military coups, etc. Yemen's first president, Ali Abdullah Saleh’s prolonged rule poverty, corruption in government and weak rule of law leave door open for al-Qaeda to enter the country (2000 bombing of the U.S.S. Cole off Aden's harbor). Historical Facts Unclassified

  10. History (Cont.) Maps of conflict in Yemen (current) and North & South Yemen (before 1990): Unclassified

  11. Historical Analysis varying faiths have caused cultural divide amongst the population and created hostility amongst the various tribes past teachings (Shi’iteZaidi) of overthrowing unjust rulers gives particular groups and disgruntled individuals no objective or mandated government form of resolution current leaders trying to hold onto power has hurt Yemen’s economy and only made hostility amongst the people worse; democracy/presidency potentially viewed as unethical/immoral by locals young “independent” country does not know what it wants as a majority Unclassified

  12. Economy Data • Currency – Yemeni Riyal (YER) • Conversion – 214.67 Yemeni Rials to 1.00 U.S. Dollar • Fiscal Year – Calendar Year • Poverty Levels – 45.2% Population Below • Unemployment – 15.2% • Export Goods – Crude oil, coffee, dried and salted fish • Import Goods – Food and live animals, machinery and equipment, chemicals • Main Import Partners – United Arab Emirates 10% Re-export, China, United States, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Germany Unclassified

  13. Economy Data (Cont.) • Agriculture and Fishing – Deforestation, soil erosion, water depletion. 54% of the labor force. • Oil and Gas – Makes up 70-75% of government revenue and 90% of export. Oil reserves expected to be fully depleted by 2017. • Industry and Manufacturing – Largest contributor is oil refining. Industry makes up 25% of the labor force. • Tourism – Limited infrastructure. • Labor – 514.920 YER or 2,400 USD (Average Salary) Gallon of Milk = 1058.40 Riyals or $4.95

  14. Economy Analysis • Economically unstable • High agricultural dependence and environmental issues • Depleting oil reserves • Poor tourism due to lack of security and Infrastructure • High poverty levels

  15. 99% Muslim (Shaf'i / Sunni) and Zaydi (Shia) 1% of Jewish, Christian, and Hindu 5 pillars of Islam pray 5 times each day, give charity, declare faith to Allah, Ramadan, and pilgrimage to Mecca Traditional except in cities Men's and women's attire The Constitution provides for freedom of religion and declares that Islam is the state religion, and that Shari'a (Islamic law) is the source of all legislation. Sharia is an Arabic word meaning "the right path,“. The Sharia comes from the Koran. Religious Facts Unclassified

  16. Religion Unclassified

  17. Religious Analysis • 99% Muslim • Approach much like Iraq and Afghanistan • Constitution • Islamic Law has more power Unclassified

  18. Questions? Unclassified

  19. Recap • Environment • History • Economy • Religion Unclassified

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