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GV Activities in Brazil: Brazilian initiative towards the establishment of GPM-BR program. Carlos A. Morales, Carlos Frederico Angelis, Luiz A. T. Machado, Roberto V. Calheiros, Reinaldo B. Silveira, Maria A. S. Dias, Eduardo Assad, Augusto Pereira, Raimundo N. F. Mussi. GPM-Brazil.
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GV Activities in Brazil:Brazilian initiative towards the establishment of GPM-BR program Carlos A. Morales, Carlos Frederico Angelis, Luiz A. T. Machado, Roberto V. Calheiros, Reinaldo B. Silveira, Maria A. S. Dias, Eduardo Assad, Augusto Pereira, Raimundo N. F. Mussi
GPM-Brazil • In October of 2004, The Space Agency of Brazil (AEB) creates the program with the participation of INPE, INMET, USP, IPMet/UNESP, and EMBRAPA; • Annual budget for proposal submissions; • In the first semester of 2005 the Federal Government of Brazil approves the PNAE-2005-2014 with a recommendation for GPM mission.
The Brazilian government acknowledges the importance of the global precipitation monitoring and proposes the launch of a “Multi Sensor Platform” to measure precipitation along with the GPM program. Possible Satellite characteristics: • Tropical Orbit Satellite; • Microwave Imager similar to INDIAN MATRA sensor; • WFI/CCD of CBERS satellite (lightning observations); • Data reception and transmission to automatic weather stations;
Main Planned Actions • Brazilian Ground Validation network; • Rainfall Ground Validation; • Development of ground receiver radiometers; • Development of microwave radiative transfer code coupled with a NWP model that is operational in Brazil; • Dissemination of GPM rainfall products;
Brazilian Ground Validation Network Operational radars in Brazil: 20 - Doppler S-Band 1 - S-Band 1 - Doppler C-Band 1 - Doppler X-Band Manufactures: 15 - EEC Radars 7 - TECTELCOM 1 - McGill Software: 17 Gamic; 2 IRIS; 1 EDGE; 1 EDGE; 1 McGill; 1 Univ. Paul Sabatier
Radar Integration - I Scientific collaboration between INPE, USP, INMET, DEMET, IPMet/UNESP, TECSAT/UNIVAP allowed the integration of 9 weather radars. • Volumetric 240 km data are stored, every 15 minutes; • CAPPIs are transmitted to CPTEC to produce rainfall mosaics: • Rain gauges are stored at CPTECSecond Stage • Volumetric data will be transmitted to a database; • Radar re-processing; • Development of rainfall products;
Radar Integration - II • Third Stage • 7) Other radar institutes are being invited to integrate the network; • 8) Volumetric data will also be stored in the main database; • Hourly adjusted rainfall fields: • Radar + gauges + satellite rainfall estimation
Rainfall Ground Validation • Rainfall characterization: - Rainfall PDF´s as a function of precipitating systems; - Mean drop size distribution as a function of precipitating systems; - Mean vertical hydrometeor distributions (aircraft measurements); • Validation of Rainfall Estimates:- Retrieval of the bias, and analysis of the bias dependency (rainfall intensity, Cv/St, precipitating systems, and etc.)
Main Ground Validation Site Lightning Network 56 Automatic weather stations in SP state 20 Tipping buckets Presidente Prudente Bauru Sao Jose dos Campos Sao Roque Cloud microphysics aircraft Salesopolis 4 - Disdrometers RadioSonde Radiometers: 7, 22, 31, 43, 92 GHz1 - Disdrometer USP/XPOL-2006
Ground Receiver Radiometers Radiometer designed in Brazil (22-31 GHz) • Collaboration with radio-astronomy groups for Rx development. • portable 22 and 31 GHz was tested during the 2002-LBA field campaign; • Working now on the new 92 GHz; • Tests with the radiometers (7, 22, 31, 43, 92 GHz) in the radio-observatory of Atibaia will be carried out next austral summer
Efforts of the Brazilian scientific community towards the ground validation
150 GHz on HSB Border
GPROF X PR X Rain Gauges4 months of data over the Amazon Region Rain Gauges PR-2A25 GPROF-2A12-V6
PR X Disdrometer TRMM Disdrometer
Bauru Radar Horizontal Resolution dependency on Horizontal Gradients TRMM-PR
Differences of Tb(85 GHz) x R relationships for precipitation systems size
Differences of Tb(85 GHz) x R relationships for precipitation systems size
Seasonal intercomparisons between GCM(RegCM) and 3A25-V6 over the continent in Southeastern Brazil DJF 10ox10o
Planned Field Campaigns • BARCA 2006 – Amazon RegionRadar and aircraft measurements; • TroCCiBras 2008, (TROCCINOX/HIBISCUS), São Paulo StateRadar and aircraft measurements;