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Decision Making

Decision Making. What is decision making? What is the relationship between reaction time, movement time and response time? What is Hick’s Law?. Decision Making. Having used our memory to identify a stimulus... Next stage is to make a decision of how to respond Response Selection stage

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Decision Making

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  1. Decision Making What is decision making? What is the relationship between reaction time, movement time and response time? What is Hick’s Law?

  2. Decision Making Having used our memory to identify a stimulus... • Next stage is to make a decision of how to respond Response Selection stage • Choice of what movement to do is made from information coded in the store Once information starts the process it cannot leave until it has been completed • Single Channel Hypothesis • Until one stimulus has had a decision made another cannot be acted upon There are 2 types of Decision Making... • Simple reaction time- only one action (100m runner choosing to start the race) • Choice reaction time- more than one option available (Player choosing what to do with the ball)

  3. Reaction, movement and response It is an advantage to a performer if they can recall information more quickly • Before reacting to a stimulus a player needs to • Receive information from the display • Code the information into relevant and irrelevant- selective attention • Make decision based- response selection • Initiate response by sending impulses to muscles • Top players look like they have more time on the ball • Their information processing is quicker Decision making can be sped up by... • Practice • Coaching • Highlighting of relevant cues

  4. Response Time Reaction time – time taken from presentation of stimulus to onset of movement (no movement) Movement time - time taken to complete the task Response time – time taken from presentation of stimulus to completion of task

  5. Influences on reaction time Number of stimuli The more choices which are available the slower the reaction time will be • 100m runners have only one choice when they hear the gun- FASTER • A midfielder with a number of team mates to choose to pass to- SLOWER Hick’s law Describes relationship between number of choices available to you and reaction time. • Relationship is not linear • More choices makes reaction time slower • BUT Rate of increase in reaction time decreases as the number of choices increases • ‘In a one on one situation a goalkeeper should stay standing as forward already has numerous options and adding one more will only increase reaction time by a small amount’

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