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Lock Performance

Lock Performance. By Wesley W. Wilson University of Oregon and IWR. Purpose of Study. The inland waterway consists of the river and a series of locks and dams that allow the river to be navigated. The capacity and use of the waterway depends on lock performance.

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Lock Performance

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  1. Lock Performance By Wesley W. Wilson University of Oregon and IWR

  2. Purpose of Study • The inland waterway consists of the river and a series of locks and dams that allow the river to be navigated. • The capacity and use of the waterway depends on lock performance. • There is a wealth of information on locks and lock performance which can be used to estimate the effects of particular lock characteristics on performance. Purpose To develop and estimate a model of lock performance as a function of lock and “flotilla” characteristics.

  3. Locks • Locks: Necessary to make the river navigatable. Lock Pool 1 River Pool 2 River

  4. Flotillas and Lockages • A flotilla consists of a power vessel and a set of barges which have different configurations and dimensions. • Locks have a fixed set of dimensions. • Single Lockage: Flotilla can pass through in one “cut”. • Double Lockage: Flotilla must take two cuts to pass through the lock.

  5. Single Lockage • Approach the lock • Enter the chamber • Gates close • Lock is filled (or emptied) • Open gates • Exit the lock.

  6. Double Lockage • Approach the lock • Enter the chamber • Uncouple and back out second cut (*) • Close gates • Fill (empty) the lock chamber • Open gates • First cut exits (*) • Close gates (*) • Fill (empty) the lock chamber (*) • Open gates (*) • Second cut enters lock chamber (*) • Close gates (*) • Fill (empty) the lock chamber (*) • Open gates (*) • Recouple the tow (*) • Exit

  7. Lock Characteristics • Age • Dimensions (length and width) • Gate Types • Number of chambers • Lift

  8. Upper Miss LocksAge • 29 Locks • Year opened ranges from 1922 – 1990

  9. Lock Length

  10. Lock Dimensions • Standard Lock on UMISS is 110 by 600. _______________________________________________ Width Length 56 110 Total 400 3 0 3 500 0 1 1 600 0 22 21 1200 0 3 3 Total 3 26 29

  11. Lift Lift Freq. Percent 5 1 3.45 6 1 3.45 7 1 3.45 8 4 13.79 9 4 13.79 10 4 13.79 11 3 10.34 12 2 6.90 15 2 6.90 16 1 3.45 21 1 3.45 24 1 3.45 25 1 3.45 38 2 6.90 49 1 3.45 Total 29 100.00

  12. Flotilla Characteristics • Flotilla is a tow-barge configuration that passes through a lock. • In 2000, there were about 69,989 flotillas on the UMiss that were used in the analysis.

  13. Flotilla Data • Over 69,000 observations (flotillas are tow/barge passages through a lock) • Characteristics: Number of barges per flotilla:

  14. Flotilla Data • Flotilla Lengths

  15. Flotilla Width

  16. Flotilla Draft

  17. Characteristics • Number of cuts 1-33,945 (48.5%) 2-36,043 (51.5%) • Up and Down River Cuts • 35,319 Down River • 34,670 Up River • Day versus Night • 38,481 (55%) Day

  18. Cuts and Month

  19. Lockage Types TYPE Number Percent C - Consecutive 35,560 51 J - Jackknife 9 0 K - Knockout 6,231 9 S - Straight 26,894 38 T - Barge Transfer 68 0 V - Set over 1,224 2 Z - Other 3 0

  20. Mechanical Assist Type Number Percent I - Tow with Bow Thrusters 70 0 J - Tow haulage (e.g., winch) 23186 33 (e.g., winch, kevel) K – Hydraulic 11474 16 N – Tow and Barge equip 780 1 (e.g., winch, kevel) None 34694 50

  21. Processing Time(End of lockage-Start of Lockage-Stoppage) • Mean 77 minutes • 50% 79 minutes

  22. Lock Length and Processing Time

  23. Lock Times-Size and Cuts Lock Minutes All Single Multiple 400-56 29 29 . 500-110 43 43 108 600-110 92 39 110 1200-110 49 48 . All 78 42 110

  24. Econometric Model Time = f(Lock, Flotilla, Vessel, Passage, Time of day) Lock: Dummies for width and length Lift Age Flotilla: Length, width, number of barges Vessel: Horse power and dummy for tugboat or not. Passage: Dummies for single or double cuts Dummy for “first in queue” or not Time of day: Dummy for night or day. Unobserved factors: River conditions, lockmaster rules.

  25. Results-Lock Types (R2=83) Lock (600 by 110 base) 1200 by 110 -.2779012 .0061766 -44.99 400 by 56 -.4273209 .0085801 -49.80 500 by 110 -.0983614 .0077284 -12.73 log_lift .1643288 .004017 40.91 log_age .0649217 .0028885 22.48

  26. Flotilla Effects log-length .6141746 .0079148 77.60 log_width .0086608 .0085224 1.02 log_area/NUMBAR -.0982405 .0078662 -12.49

  27. Vessel Effects v_hp .0311656 .0069811 4.46 v_length -.0580582 .008854 -6.56 v_brea~h -.0324201 .0145776 -2.22 v_age .0383967 .003187 12.05 v_draft .2432245 .0070532 34.48 tugboat -.0063391 .002503 -2.53

  28. Passage Results mult .5943969 .0044403 133.86 daytime -.056563 .0020391 -27.74 q_1 .194837 .0022855 85.25 upriver -.0717073 .0020738 -34.58

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