Learn more about how to support these children and young people with

2. It is likely that most teachers will, at some time, have at least one child in their class who has a wetting or soiling issue.

3. Children with continence issues may experience more emotional problems and have lower self-esteem than children without continence problems • Children who wet or soil may be at an increased risk of bullying • When parents and carers do not receive appropriate treatment or support they can feel isolated, stressed and guilty. There is often a negative impact on family life and relationships

4. Learn more about how to support these children and young people with • resource has been produced with the support of the Big Lottery Fund

5. Supporting CDP and ITT • Understand how children and young people develop and progress • Know how to make effective personalised provision for those they teach • Be aware of current legal requirements, national policies and guidance • Know when to draw on / refer to the expertise of colleagues • Know how to identify and support children and young people whose progress, development or well-being is affected by changes or difficulties in their personal circumstances

6. Session Objectives • Find out about continence problems in children and young people • Understand how continence problems can affect the well-being of children and young people • Understand how to support children and young people with continence problems

7. Words for Urine or Urinate • Wee • Wee-wee • Pass water • Piddle • Piss • Take a leak • Spend a penny • Whiz • Slash • Pee • Use the bathroom • Micky Bliss and Jimmy Riddle (Cockney rhyming slang)

8. True or False? • When we begin our lives we are all incontinent • By the age of 4, all children are dry at night • Bedwetting is a problem for very young children only • Children have continence problems because they have not been toilet trained properly • Most children and adults find wetting and soiling problems hard to talk about • Wetting and soiling problems can affect children from all ethnic backgrounds • Bedwetting usually affects boys only • One in 12 five to 16 years olds in the UK experience continence problems • Wetting and soiling problems can improve through treatment • Drinking plenty of water is important (6-8 glasses of water-based drinks spread throughout the day) TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE

9. Jack and Paddy’s story Link http://www.eric.org.uk/

10. Continence - The Facts • Continence is the ability to consciously control the discharge of urine or a bowel movement • One in 12 (about 750,000) five to 16 year olds in the UK experience continence problems; bedwetting, daytime wetting, constipation or soiling • Most children gain night-time and daytime bowel control and night-time dryness by 3-4 years of age • Children with special needs often take longer

11. Continence - The Facts Bedwetting – Nocturnal Enuresis • Bedwetting (nocturnal enuresis) is generally defined by health professionals as an involuntary voiding of urine during sleep, with a severity of at least twice a week, in children over 5 years of age • 3 main reasons: • Child unable to wake • Child makes a lot of urine • Child has an overactive bladder

12. Continence - The Facts Daytime Wetting • Daytime wetting is the term used for children over the age of five who regularly (more than once a week) wet their pants during the day. • Possible causes • In younger children it may be linked to change in routine • For all ages, overactive bladder or UTI (urinary tract infection) • Caffeinated drinks can stimulate the kidneys to produce more urine or irritate the bladder

13. Continence - The Facts Soiling and Constipation • Soiling is involuntarily doing a poo (fluid, semi-solid or a solid stool) into clothing rather than the toilet. It is more common in boys than girls. • Reasons • Chronic constipation (most common) • Blocked bowel • The child is not yet toilet trained for stools (most often when the child has a specific problem for example a learning difficulty)

14. The Impact • Missing out on things such as trips and sleepovers • Worries that friends and classmates might find out • Not knowing where to get help and support • Worries about being bullied or ridiculed by other young people • Tension at home with parents, carers and family • Feeling different from young people • Feeling isolated and alone • Feeling angry and frustrated • Low confidence and self-esteem

15. Supporting these children • We should ensure that all children feel included, secure and valued • We should be aware of children’s diverse needs in our school or setting • All pupils need to develop knowledge and skills for a healthy lifestyle • We aim to promote the Every Child Matters outcomes to all children • We consider ourselves a “healthy school” • It’s important to reduce factors that make some children vulnerable to bullying • We want children to have good relationships with each other and respect differences • It’s our responsibility to promote all aspects of children’s well-being • We have a role in providing support to parents and making sure they get the help they need • We should be building good links with other services that support children and families What are the three most important factors in your setting?

16. Supporting these children • Help and advice • ERIC – www.eric.org.uk • Effective, policy planning and management strategies: • Health and social care professionals: • Health visitor • GP • School nurse • Social Services

17. Supporting these children Childhood Wetting and Soiling: Information for parents and carers • A booklet with information on bedwetting, daytime wetting and soiling, and the treatments that can help. Nights away – no worries • A short leaflet to help children who wet the bed and their parents prepare for sleepovers and trips away. Children’s Continence Matters Published by Airedale PCT Continence Service • A DVD and video that gives an insight into the difficulties that bladder and bowel problems can cause children and families, and shows how professionals can help.

18. Why me? resource and DVD had been produced with the support of the Big Lottery Funding • For more information about supporting children with continence problems in your school or setting, management advice and topic curriculum integration visit see www.eric.org.uk/whyme/index.html?