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AP Unit I D 2, 3

AP Unit I D 2, 3. Impulse and Momentum. 2. Impulse and Momentum. Students should understand impulse and linear momentum, so they can: A) Relate mass, velocity, and linear momentum for a moving object, and calculate the total linear momentum of a system of objects.

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AP Unit I D 2, 3

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  1. AP Unit I D 2, 3 Impulse and Momentum

  2. 2. Impulse and Momentum • Students should understand impulse and linear momentum, so they can: • A) Relate mass, velocity, and linear momentum for a moving object, and calculate the total linear momentum of a system of objects. • B) Relate impulse to the change in linear momentum and the average force acting on an object. • D) Calculate the area under a force-time graph and relate it to the change in momentum of an object.

  3. 3. Conservation of linear momentum, collisions • A) Students should understand linear momentum conservation, so they can: • (2) Identify situations in which linear momentum conservation follows as a consequence of Newton’s Third Law for an isolated system. • (3) Apply linear momentum conservation to one-dimensional elastic and inelastic collisions and two dimensional completely inelastic collisions • (5) Analyze situations in which two or more objects are pushed apart by a spring or other agency, and calculate how much energy is released in such a process.

  4. Linear MomentumRef. – Chapter 6.1 • Linear Momentum is proportional to mass and velocity. • Therefore Momentum p = mass m multiplied by velocity v • or p = mv • Momentum is measured in kg m/s • 1. Calculate the momentum of a freight train of mass 9.00 x 105 kg moving at a velocity of 120.0 m/s.

  5. Impulse • Impulse is the change of linear momentum • Impulse J = Δp = Δmv • Since F = ma and a = Δv/Δt • then F = mΔv/Δt = J/Δt • Or J = F Δ t • Impulse can be measure in N s or kg m/s. • 1. If a baseball of mass 250.0 g is hit with a force of 80.0 N for a time of 0.20 s, calculate the impulse. • 2. If the incoming pitch was 90 mph, calculate the change in velocity of the baseball assuming one dimensional motion.

  6. Force versus time graph

  7. Conservation of linear momentum – 1dRef: Chapter 6.2, 6.3 • m1 u1 + m2 u2 = m1 v1 + m2 v2

  8. Conservation of linear momentum – 2dRef. – Chapter 6.4 • m1x u1x + m2x u2x = m1x v1x + m2x v2x • m1y u1y + m2y u2y = m1y v1y + m2y v2y 30º 30º

  9. u1 = 4 m/s v1 30º 2kg 2kg 30º u2 = 0 v2

  10. Pushed apart by a spring or other agency • Homework Chapter 6 Problems Q2,4,6, 8 • Q16,18, 35,36,37

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