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HS 471 Water Resources Chapter 14

HS 471 Water Resources Chapter 14. Hydrologic Cycle. Water evaporates from surface waters and soil Water is transported by plants Atmospheric water is transported as water vapor … Precipitation Water runoff. Water Quantity on Earth. 71% of Earth ’ s surface is covered with water

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HS 471 Water Resources Chapter 14

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  1. HS 471 Water Resources Chapter 14

  2. Hydrologic Cycle Water evaporates from surface waters and soil Water is transported by plants Atmospheric water is transported as water vapor … Precipitation Water runoff

  3. Water Quantity on Earth 71% of Earth’s surface is covered with water 97.4% is in oceans 2% is unavailable Less than 1 % is in fresh water bodies & water vapor Importance of ground water resources

  4. Is There A Water Supply Crisis? Water is a renewable resource Rate at which it is cycled in the hydrologic cycle is fixed and slow. Can we create additional water? Can we change the rate at which water is circulated in the hydrologic cycle? Amount of fresh water available for human use is a fraction of all the water on Earth. Is the quantity of water available sufficient to meet population needs?

  5. Groundwater ½ of all Americans, 95% of farm families depend on groundwater for their drinking water needs In Europe, ground water meets 85-98% of household water needs Characteristics of groundwater resources: Purity Dependability Costs of Transportation Treatment costs Threats to groundwater supplies: POLLUTION and OVERUSE

  6. Groundwater Pollution Chemical, biological, and radiological contamination Amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act in 1986 Impact of ground water pollution Sources of contamination: Waste storage, treatment or disposal facilities Septic systems Pipes, materials transport and transfer operation Non-point sources of pollution

  7. Groundwater Depletion Large aquifers are being depleted e.g. Ogalla aquifer Mexico City, roller coaster due to depression. Impact of developments on aquifer recharge area

  8. Water management Water conservation: Water saving devices Leak detection and early correction Landscape practices

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