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Chapter 14 WATER Resources

Chapter 14 WATER Resources. Chapter 14 page 425: 2-3 page 434: 1-3 page 443: 1-2 page 448: 18-20. Goals for Chapter. Describe where Earth’s water resources are located. How is Earth’s water a limited resource? How can we manage our water resources better?

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Chapter 14 WATER Resources

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  1. Chapter 14WATER Resources

  2. Chapter 14page 425: 2-3page 434: 1-3page 443: 1-2page 448: 18-20

  3. Goals for Chapter • Describe where Earth’s water resources are located. • How is Earth’s water a limited resource? • How can we manage our water resources better? • What are the main causes and impacts of water pollution?

  4. Discus with your table group and put the nswer in the back of your exit ticket. Why is chlorine added to drinking water and wastewater treatment plants? What was recently found in a local areas drinking water supply? It was in the news last summer and fall frequently.

  5. Overarching Enduring Understandings Water is a limited natural resource and we must be vigilant in our protection and conservation of this resource.

  6. How many bodies of water can you identify/locate? Is there more or less water on Earth today then there was 1 billion years ago?

  7. Next time you take a drink, think about where that water might have been before.

  8. Next time rain drops fall on you, think about where that water might have been just a few days ago.

  9. Water is a powerful force on Earth’s surface

  10. Water is critical to life…how long can you survive without it?

  11. It is a precious resource we often take for granted

  12. It is sacred to some : The Maya believed natural wells, such as the Xkeken cenote in Mexico's Yucatán, led to the underworld.

  13. Why Does Ice Float?

  14. Why is the ocean cool even when its 100 degrees out?

  15. How Can Water Make It All The Way To The Top Of Trees

  16. Section 1: Water Resources GOALS: • Describe the location of water on Earth’s surface. • How does the water cycle “work?” • Explain why freshwater is a limited resource. • TERMS: surface water, river system, watershed, groundwater, aquifer, porosity, permeability, recharge zone, water cycle

  17. Water Is Unique • Can’t live without • Takes long time to change temperature • Stays liquid over large range of temps. • Expands when freezes • Great at dissolving things • Commonly found as solid, liquid and gas Known as the UNIVERSAL SOLVENT

  18. Water Cycle

  19. Water Cycle The water cycle is: • the continual process by which water moves through living and nonliving parts of our world. • Solar Powered – SUN DRIVEN • Renewable Resource

  20. Where is water found? 75% of earth is covered in water 97% of that is in oceans 0.05% is available for USE the remaining 3% fresh, mainly in ice caps and glaciers.

  21. Surface Water Fresh water on Earth’s land • Rivers • Lakes • Streams • Ponds • Critical for: drinking, transportation, waste removal, industry, food, farming, recreation

  22. Watershed is also known as a drainage basin Watershed: an area of land that is drained by a single river

  23. A DIVIDE is the ridge that separates water sheds or water basins: If you think about this is common sense. Gravity makes water flow down hill so the highest ridge divides the basins

  24. Mississippi River Watershed is the largest in U.S. How does a cattle farmer in Montana potentially impact a shrimp fisherman in Louisiana?

  25. Did You Know?The Mississippi River Basin covers 3 million square kilometers (1.2 million sq mi), making it the third largest watershed in the world. It drains 41% of the land area of the contiguous US.

  26. World’s River Systems and Watershed

  27. Groundwater Water beneath Earth’s surface, located in rocks, sediment and soil

  28. Groundwater Recharge zone is the surface area surrounding an aquifer where water in the form of precipitation or surface water replenishes the groundwater supply What is a recharge zone?

  29. Aquifer Aquifer is an underground rock formation containing water Important source of water

  30. Porosity • How much space (pores) or holes found in rock • Where water can flow through • Porous rock can hold lots of water

  31. Aeration vs Saturation Zone of Aeration: pore spaces partially filled with water. Zone of Saturation: pore spaces completely filled with water The water table is where the two zones meet. If you dig a hole and it fills with water you are at the water table

  32. Permeable vs. Impermeable • The ability of rock or soil to allow water to flow through it • Sand and gravel are permeable • Clay and blacktop are impermeable

  33. Section 1 REVIEW • Describe the location of water on Earth’s surface. • How does the water cycle “work?” • Explain why freshwater is a limited resource. • TERMS: surface water, river system, watershed, groundwater, aquifer, porosity, permeability, recharge zone, water cycle

  34. Section 2 : Water Use and Management GOALS: • Identify how water is used in home, industry and agriculture. • Explain how and why water is treated before coming to your home. • Describe ways to increase water supplies • Identify ways to conserve water • TERMS: potable, pathogen, dam, reservoir, desalinization

  35. One third of all the people on Earth are affected by water shortages.

  36. How Much Water Do You Use Average person in U.S. uses about 80 gallons a day

  37. What can you learn from this chart?

  38. How Much Water Is Needed http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/freshwater/embedded-water/ Your water footprint http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/freshwater/water-footprint-calculator/

  39. Making Water Safe Potable: safe to drink (Amoeba found in the water) Most water needs to be treated. Chlorine is used to kill pathogens: organisms that cause diseases Bacteria, viruses, worms

  40. Uses of Water Industrial Water Use • 19% of worldwide water use • Cooling power plants • To make “stuff”

  41. Uses of Water Agriculture: • 67% of worldwide water use • Irrigation: providing water to plants • 80 gallons to produce 1 ear of corn • 1 lb. beef = 1,000 gal. • LOTS OF WATER

  42. Irrigation

  43. Irrigation As much as 80% normally evaporates Drip Irrigation, reduces that number greatly

  44. Water Management • Humans have altered water flow for thousands of years • Engineering • Dams, canals, pipes, towers bring water to where it is needed

  45. California aqueduct brings water hundreds of miles, across deserts, mountains

  46. Desalinization Removing salt from salt water • Has a lot of promise • Very energy intensive • Very expensive • What to do with waste? • Future? DESALINATION

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