Computers in Health Care

1. Computers in Health Care Bio-Med Academy

2. Information Systems • Computers were first introduced into hospitals to simplify accounting procedures. • Save money and time Bio-Med Academy

3. Information Systems • Medical Information System (MIS)-or Hospital Information System (HIS) were used in a hospital environment. • Expensive Bio-Med Academy

4. Information Systems • Eventually other departments in the hospital joined: • Pharmacy • Hematology • Clinical Chemistry • Microbiology • Dietary • Nursing Bio-Med Academy

5. Computers are used for: Word Processing • Writing letters • Memos • Reports • Policies and procedures • Patient care plans These can be edited, corrected, and stored for future use. Bio-Med Academy

6. Computers are used for: Compiling databases: • Creating information records for patients and employees • An organized collection of information • Each type of information is a field • Within the database, each collection of related information is called a record Bio-Med Academy

7. Database • Most databases that contain patient records are access limited or password protected to maintain patient confidentiality. Bio-Med Academy

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9. Computers are used for: Scheduling: • Recording appointments for patients and creating work schedules for employees Bio-Med Academy

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11. Computers are used for: • Maintaining financial records: • Processing charges • Billing patients • Recording payments • Completing insurance forms • Maintaining accounts • Calculating payrolls for employees Bio-Med Academy

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13. Computers are used for: Monitoring Patients: • Recording heart rhythms • Pulse • Blood pressure • Blood oxygen levels • Fetal movements Bio-Med Academy

14. Computers are used for: Performing Diagnostic Test: • Radiological imaging • Blood tests • Urine test • Cardiac and respiratory functions Bio-Med Academy

15. Computers are used for: Maintaining Inventories: • Ordering and tracking supplies and equipment • Coding supplies with bar codes for billing purposes Bio-Med Academy

16. Computers are used for: Developing Spreadsheets: • Process bills • Maintain accounts • Create budgets • Develop statistical reports • Analyze finances • Tabulate nutritional values of foods • Evaluate treatments • Project future needs Bio-Med Academy

17. Computers are used for: Communicating: • Using modems or high speed data transmission networks to communicate with other departments or different facilities. • Send or receive e-mail • Order supplies or equipment • Operate security systems Bio-Med Academy

18. Diagnostics • Major goals of health care and medicine is determining exactly what is wrong with the patient Bio-Med Academy

19. Diagnostics First step with patient: • Taking a medical history • Physical exam Based on these findings, several test may be ordered to diagnose or rule out disease. Bio-Med Academy

20. Diagnostics Test can be: • Invasive: blood test where a syringe is inserted into a vein and blood is removed • Noninvasive: X-ray procedure where no opening to the body is required. Bio-Med Academy

21. Diagnostics Computerized instruments automate the step-by-step manual procedure of analyzing: • Blood • Urine • Serum • Body-fluid samples Bio-Med Academy

22. Diagnostics • Computerized instruments can analyze a drop of serum, blood, urine, or body fluid on a slide at rates of over 500 specimens an hour. Bio-Med Academy

23. Electrocardiogram (ECG) • Computerized interpretation system produces visual pictures on a computer monitor and a printout of the electrical activity of a patient’s heart. Bio-Med Academy

24. Electrocardiogram (ECG) • Gives important information concerning the spread of electrical impulses to the heart chambers. • Important in diagnosing heart disease. Bio-Med Academy

25. Electrocardiogram (ECG) Stress Test: • ECG runs while the patient is exercising • This allows the physician to evaluate the function of the patient’s heart during activity. Bio-Med Academy

26. Echocardiograph • Utilizes a computer to direct ultrahigh-frequency sound waves through the chest wall and into the heart. • The computer then converts the reflection of the waves to an image of the heart Bio-Med Academy

27. Echocardiograph This test can be used to evaluate: • Cardiac function • Reveal valve irregularities • Show defects in the heart walls • Visualize the presence of fluid between the layers of the pericardium Bio-Med Academy

28. Computerized Tomography (CT scan) • Advancement in medical imaging • Introduced in 1972 • The first computer-based body and brain scanner. Bio-Med Academy

29. Computerized Tomography (CT scan) This noninvasive, computerized X-ray permits physicians to see clear, cross-sectional views of: • Both bone and body tissues • Find abnormalities such as tumors Bio-Med Academy

30. Computerized Tomography (CT scan) How does it work? • The CT scanner shoots a pencil-thin beam of X-rays through any part of the body and from many different angles • The device’s computer then creates a cross-sectional image of the body part of a screen. Bio-Med Academy

31. Computerized Tomography (CT scan) • Provides a clear image of the soft tissues inside the body. • It exposes the patient to less radiation than a conventional X-ray. Bio-Med Academy

32. Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) • Computerized, body scanning method uses nuclear magnetic resonance instead of X-ray radiation. Bio-Med Academy

33. Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) • This is the alteration of the magnetic position of hydrogen atoms to produce an image. Bio-Med Academy

34. Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) • Patient is placed in a large circular magnet, which uses the magnetic field to measure activity of hydrogen atoms within the body. • Computer translates that activity into cross-sectional images of the body. Bio-Med Academy

35. Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) Allows physicians to: • See blood moving through veins and arteries • See a swollen joint shrink in response to medication • Reaction of cancerous tumors to treatment Bio-Med Academy

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40. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) • A slightly radioactive substance is injected into the patient and detected by the PET scanner • The device’s computer then composes a three-dimensional image from the radiation detected. Bio-Med Academy

41. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) • The image allows the physician to see an organ and bone from all sides. • This image is similar to a model that can be picked up and examined. Bio-Med Academy

42. Ultrasonography • Uses high frequency sound waves that bounce back as an echo when they hit different tissue and organs inside the body. • A computer then uses the sound wave signs to creates a picture of the body part. Bio-Med Academy

43. Ultrasonography • The picture can be viewed on a computer screen or processed on film. Bio-Med Academy

44. Ultrasonography Used to detect: • Tumors • Locate aneurysms • Blood vessel abnormalities • Examine the shape and size of internal organs Bio-Med Academy

45. Ultrasonography During Pregnancy: • Detect multiple pregnancies • Size of baby • Sex of baby • Abnormalities of the fetus Bio-Med Academy

46. Ultrasonography 3-D Sonogram: • Specialized machine that allows technicians to store 5 seconds worth of images in a computer • They can then create a 3-D color picture similar to a portrait of the infant in the uterus. Bio-Med Academy

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48. Ultrasonography 3-D Sonogram: • Physicians will use this to detect birth defects that are not always visible on a standard sonogram. • To determine the severity of a birth defect. Bio-Med Academy

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50. 64 Slice CT Scan Bio-Med Academy