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Done by: Song Boyang (SMTP3) Lim Yan Seng (SMTP4)

Effects of cigarette smoke on plants. Done by: Song Boyang (SMTP3) Lim Yan Seng (SMTP4). Introduction. Cigarette smoke is a harmful substance. We want to know about the effects of cigarette smoke on plants

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Done by: Song Boyang (SMTP3) Lim Yan Seng (SMTP4)

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  1. Effects of cigarette smoke on plants Done by: Song Boyang (SMTP3) Lim Yan Seng (SMTP4)

  2. Introduction • Cigarette smoke is a harmful substance. • We want to know about the effects of cigarette smoke on plants • We also want to see if plants have the ability to recover after being exposed to cigarette smoke.

  3. Objectives We hope to find out the effects of cigarette smoke on plants. 2. We hope to find out if plants have the ability to recover after exposure to cigarette smoke.

  4. Hypothesis Although cigarette smoke is harmful to plants, plants have a self-recovery ability when subjected to suitable amounts of smoke.

  5. Literature Review “Smoke often contains ethylene which can cause plants to drop leaves” Cigarette smoke would reduce the rate of photosynthesis Victoria, Garcia (2002, April 02). CALIFORNIA STATE SCIENCE FAIR. Retrieved February 15, 2008, Web site: http://www.usc.edu/CSSF/History/2002/Projects/S1411.pdf

  6. Literature Review “The particles in smoke could coat leaves and reduce light absorption” Lower rate of photosynthesis Kelly O’Malley, Jessup Gage, Rebecca Gale, (1998, December 11). The Somky Situation. Retrieved March 31, 2008, Web site: http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/nsfall98/FinalArticles/ TheSmokeySituation.html

  7. Antioxidant gene • Sulforaphane is an antioxidant in the plants. • Sulforaphane is an anticancer and antimicrobial compound that can be obtained by eating cruciferous vegetables such as brussel sprouts, broccoli and cabbage. • The enzyme myrosinase transforms glucoraphanin (a glucosinolate) into sulforaphane upon damage to the. The young sprouts of broccoli and cauliflower are particularly rich in glucoraphanin.

  8. Variables • Independent variable • Number of lighted cigarettes added to each potted plant. Dependent variables • Appearance of each plant after subjected to smoke for 1hour everyday. • Appearance under the microscope after one week.

  9. Variables Constants: • Number of leaves in each potted plant. • Amount of water in each potted plant in the beginning. • Amount of water added to each potted plant daily.

  10. Variables • Control • A potted plant without any cigarettes put into it. This is to show the differences between a potted plant that has been put with cigarette smoke and another potted plant without any cigarette smoke. • Compare the differences between plants exposed to smoke and plants not exposed to smoke.

  11. Apparatus • Three air-tight containers • Three identical pots of plant • One pack of Cigarettes • One stop watch • One microscope • One microscope camera • One beaker

  12. Methodology • Three potted plants are prepared with the same no of leaves and water. • We prepared the experimental set up as shown and conducted the experiment for many times.

  13. Methodology • First, attach a vacuum pump to a conical flask through bungs with two holes. • The other hole is used to put a delivery tube attached with a rubber tube to another conical flask. • The cigarette is placed in the other conical flask which has two bungs to ensure that the cigarette is able to burn after lighting.

  14. Methodology • The water in the first conical flask is heated till 50 degree Celsius when the vacuum pump is switched on, causing the air in the first flask to be smaller than the pressure of the second flask, thus drawing the smoke out from the second conical flask into the first flask through the delivery tube which is submerged in water. • The cigarette smoke is dissolved in water. • The water is taken out and a measured amount of 225ml of water is poured into the pot of the plants.

  15. Timeline

  16. Timeline

  17. Bibliography • Victoria, Garcia (2002, April 02). CALIFORNIA STATE SCIENCE FAIR. Retrieved February 15, 2008, Web site: http://www.usc.edu/CSSF/History/2002/Projects/S1411.pdf • Hershey, David (2001,November ). Retrieved February 18, 2008, Web site: http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/2001-11/1006306474.Bt.r.html • Kelly O’Malley, Jessup Gage, Rebecca Gale, (1998, December 11). The Somky Situation. Retrieved March 31, 2008, Web site: http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/nsfall98/FinalArticles/ TheSmokeySituation.html • http://www.untitledname.com/archives/upload/2005/10/last-cigarette.jpg • http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/41EPBCE547L._AA280_.jpg

  18. Any questions?

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