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LONG KHENG, CHIEF OFFICE AND DIRECTOR OF PREK TOAL CORE AREA, TONLE SAP BIOSPHERE RESERVE,

7 th SeaBRnet Meeting Palawan, Puerto Princesa City Date: 23-27 th October 2013 . OVERVIEW OF TONLE SAP BIOSPHERE RESERVE MANAGEMENT: CONSERVATION SUCCESS OF BREEDING COLONIES OF LARGE WATERBIRDS IN PREK TOAL CORE AREA. LONG KHENG, CHIEF OFFICE AND DIRECTOR OF PREK TOAL CORE AREA,

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LONG KHENG, CHIEF OFFICE AND DIRECTOR OF PREK TOAL CORE AREA, TONLE SAP BIOSPHERE RESERVE,

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  1. 7thSeaBRnetMeeting Palawan, Puerto Princesa City Date: 23-27th October 2013 OVERVIEW OF TONLE SAP BIOSPHERE RESERVE MANAGEMENT:CONSERVATION SUCCESS OF BREEDING COLONIES OF LARGE WATERBIRDS IN PREK TOAL CORE AREA LONG KHENG, CHIEF OFFICE AND DIRECTOR OF PREK TOAL CORE AREA, TONLE SAP BIOSPHERE RESERVE, MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, CAMBODIA Email: moe.tonlesap@gmail.com

  2. The Protected Areas and the Wetlands • 23 protected areas: 18 % of the country land • Wetland: 30 % of the country land, of which 20% is globally significant but only 5% is currently recognized as international important wetland (Ramsar Site)

  3. Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve Three core areas (42,257 ha) The TSBR Size is 1,483,339 ha. 1-Prek Toal (21,342 ha) Waterbird breeding site proposed as 4thRamsar Site BUFFER ZONE: 541,482 ha • 2-Boeng Chhmar • (14,560 ha) • - As Ramsar Site-1999 • - Important feeding site for waterbirds • 3- Stung Sen • (6,355ha) • Pristine forest • habitat TRANSITION ZONE: 899,600 ha

  4. Natural Phenomena Dry Season ~ Mar-Jul Wet Season ~ Sep-Dec

  5. Tonle Sap Background • TonleSap contains at least 200 species of fish, 42 species of reptiles, 225 species of birds, and 46 species of mammals (ADB, 2005). • It supports one of the world's most productive freshwater fisheries and provides nearly 70% of the protein intake of Cambodia’s population • Tonle Sap was regarded as Multiple-Use Protected Area through a Royal Decree issued in Nov. 1993 • In October 1997, Tonle Sap lake & its floodplain recognized as Biosphere Reserve through Men and Biosphere Program of the UNESCO • Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve was designated by a Royal Decree issued on 10 April 2001. • In March 2012, All fishing lots were demolished for conservation and family fishing

  6. Example ofConservation Success of Breeding Colonies of Large Waterbirds in PrekToal Core Area

  7. ACTIONS THREATS TARGETS GOAL Rangers (permanent watch and patrol) Unsustainable harvests of wildlife & colony disturbance Sustainable Conservation of Biodiversity in PrekToal Core Area. Increased bird populations and fish stock $ Resources/Requirement $ Community awareness Forest fire & cutting down trees Stable forest cover (no cutting &forest fire) Community livelihoods $ Over-fishing PrekToal Management Model

  8. Actions & Results • Set up conservation team (P.rangers) in 2001 • Former poachers employed as rangers • Network of observation platforms • Headquarter built and equipped

  9. Actions and Results • CA boundary markers built • MIST patrolling • Law enforcement

  10. EE in Classes for school kids • Community Outreach Program Environmental Education and Awareness Raising • Out door activities • Importance of bird colonies • Importance of flooded forest • Waste collection

  11. Ecotourism & Livelihood Assistance • Alternative Jobs • fish raising • home gardens • Ecotourism: • Bird watching • Boat services • Community restaurant • Homestay

  12. Tour Guide • 30 villagers (rangers) as tour guide to ensure minimum impact on colonies (boat disturbance, tourist behavior) • Safety and area knowledge Prek Toal Ecotourism • Handicraft Shop • Handicraft shop- 29 families benefit

  13. Waterbird Colony Monitoring Program • Colonies of Large Waterbirds • Platform-based Count • Boat-based Count • Aerial Survey and photographing

  14. Greater Adjutant – rarest stork in the world PrekToal has the largest colony worldwide (c.30% global population), and increasing in size Nests Years

  15. Rapidly increasing waterbird populations Nests Years

  16. 10-20 pairs 4,000 pairs 1,500 pairs 200 pairs 6,700 pairs 360 pairs 200 pairs Largest waterbird colony in Asia 13,000 pairs c.50,000 pairs of waterbird: 50 pairs

  17. Challenges Disturbance and eggs &chicks collection for waterbirds Flooded forest and scrub needs effective protection from dry season fire Illegal fishing is increasingly an issue affecting the conservation success. Need to integrate community needs into protected area management Good inter-agency collaboration could improve protection of habitat and biodiversity. Complex institutional situation: PrekToalCore Area (21,342 ha) managed by Ministry of Environment, overlapping with Fishery Conservation Area (55,000 ha) managed by Fisheries Administration and local administrative authorities.

  18. Summary • One of the greatest conservation success in Asia • Prek Toal is one of the most important sites for biodiversity • Flooded forest and scrub are vital habitat for fish, waterbirds and other wildlife • Conservation success in PrekToal is benefited for local communities and the nations. • The institutional situation is very complicated even need to be clarified

  19. Thank you very much for your attention

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