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Performance of Coherent M-ary Signaling. ENSC 428 – Spring 200 7. Digital Communication System. 1. M-ary PSK. T. sin. cont …. cont …. Integration over IQ plane. cont …. cont …. 2. M-ary Orthogonal Signaling. cont …. 3- ary orthogonal signal space.
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Performance of Coherent M-ary Signaling ENSC 428 – Spring 2007
1. M-ary PSK T sin
cont … 3-ary orthogonal signal space
cont … • Performance improves as M increases (??) • In the limit (M∞), error probability can be made arbitrarily small as long as Eb/N0 > ln2 (-1.59 dB). • Proof in Gallager Lecture 19 section 4.3 • In fact, Information Theory also proves that we cannot achieve error probability arbitrarily small if Eb/N0 < ln2. • Most practical systems use non-coherent FSK rather than coherent FSK. We will discuss non-coherent FSK soon.
cont … 6-ary biorthogonal signal constellation
cont … 3-ary simplex signal constellation
3. M-ary QAM 16-ary QAM
Bit Error Rate (BER) or BEP(cf SEP, symbol error probability)
Orthogonal signaling BEP e e e k bits, M=2k, each bit error pattern corresponds to a unique symbol, which is not the transmitted.
Gray code (Reflected binary code by Frank Gray) generation • Can be generated recursively by reflecting the bits (i.e. listing them in reverse order and concatenating the reverse list onto the original list), prefixing the original bits with a binary 0 and then prefixing the reflected bits with a binary 1.