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Trapezius: U pper, Middle, and Lower fibers

Trapezius: U pper, Middle, and Lower fibers. Axio-Scapular/ Axio-Clavicular group. Attachments: Proximal: Superior nuchal line on occipital bone (posterior skull) + C1-T12 vertebrae ( spinous process ) Distal: Upper: lateral clavicle Middle: acromion + spine of scapula

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Trapezius: U pper, Middle, and Lower fibers

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  1. Trapezius:Upper, Middle, and Lower fibers

  2. Axio-Scapular/ Axio-Clavicular group Attachments: Proximal: Superior nuchal line on occipital bone (posterior skull) + C1-T12 vertebrae (spinous process) Distal: Upper: lateral clavicle Middle: acromion + spine of scapula Lower: base (medial end) of spine of scapula Action: (scapular motion) U: UPWARD rotate, ADduct (retract), elevate M: ADduct (retract) L: UPWARD rotate, ADduct (retract), depress PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Cervical nerves + cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve) Spinal segments: C1,2,3,4,5

  3. Levator scapulae

  4. Axio-Scapular/ Axio-Clavicular group Attachments: Proximal: upper cervical vertebrae (transverse process of C1-C4) Distal: medial boarder of scapula, superior to spine Action: (scapular motion) Elevate, downward rotate PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Cervical nerves: 3,4 + dorsal scapular nerve: C5 Spinal segments: C3,4,5

  5. Rhomboid minor

  6. Axio-Scapular/ Axio-Clavicular group Attachments: Proximal: lower cervical vertebrae (spinous process of C7-T1) Distal: medial border of scapula, at base of spine Action: (scapular motion) Elevate, ADduct(retract), downward rotate PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Dorsal scapular nerve: C5 Spinal segment: C5

  7. Rhomboid major

  8. Axio-Scapular/ Axio-Clavicular Attachments: Proximal: upper thoracic vertebrae (spinous process of T2-T5) Distal: medial border of scapula, inferior to spine Action: (scapular motion) Elevate, ADduct(retract), downward rotate PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin Dorsal scapular nerve: C5 Spinal segment: C5

  9. Serratus anterior

  10. Axio-Scapular/ Axio-Clavicular group Attachments: Proximal: lateral surface of ribs 1-8 Distal: medial border of scapula, entire length, on COASTAL surface Actions: (scapular motion) UPWARD rotate, ABduct(protract) – prevents winging PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Long thoracic nerve: C5,6,7 Spinal segments: C5,6,7

  11. Pectoralis minor

  12. Axio-Scapular/ Axio-Clavicular group Attachments: Proximal: anterior surface of ribs 3-5 Distal: coracoid process of scapula Actions: (scapular motion) ABduct(protract), downward rotate, depress PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Lateral + medial pectoral nerves: C5,6,7 + C8, T1 Spinal segments: C7,C8

  13. Pectoralis major: Clavicular head (upper fibers)Sternal head (lower fibers)

  14. Axio- Humeral group Attachments: Proximal: Clavicular head (CL) – medial clavicle sternal head (ST) – sternum (manubrium and body of sternum, plus the adjacent costal cartilages of ribs 2-6) Distal: All fibers to LATERAL lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus (crest of the greater tubercle) Actions: CL head: flex, ADduct, IR, H. AD the gleno-humeral joint ST head: extend (from 180), ADduct, IR, H. AD the gleno-humeral joint ELEVATE TRUNK in closed kinematic chain with humerus stabilized (weight bearing on hands) (ALSO: protract + depress shoulder girdle) PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: CL head = LATERAL pectoral nerve: C5,6,7 ST head = Lateral + Medial pectoral nerves: C5,6,7 + C8, T1 Spinal segments: CL head: C5,6,7 ST head: C6,7,8, T1

  15. Latissimus dorsi

  16. Axio-Humeral group Attachments: Proximal:Vertebral column from T7 to sacrum + iliac crest(T7-T12 is directly from spinous process of vert., while L+S levels and iliac crest are via thoraco-lumbar fascia)Also, (small attachment to inferior tip of scapula) Distal:FLOOR of intertubercular groove of humerus Actions: Extend, ADduct, IR, H. AB at gleno-humeral joint ELEVATE TRUNK in closed kinematic chain with humerus stabilized (weight bearing on hands) (ALSO: retract + depress shoulder girdle, and downward rotate scapula via small attachment to inferior tip of scapula) PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Thoracodorsal nerve: C6,7,8 Spinal segments: C6,7,8

  17. Supraspinatus Muscle of the ROTATOR CUFF “S---” of “SITS”

  18. Scapulo-Humeral group Attachments: Proximal:supraspinous fossa of scapula Distal:greater tubercle of humerus, UPPER facet Actions: ABduct at gleno-humeral joint (does NOT rotate) Also; supports head of humerus in glenoid fossa PERIPHERAL NERVE+ spinal cord level of origin: Suprascapular nerve: C5,6 Spinal segment: C5

  19. Infraspinatus Muscle of the ROTATOR CUFF “-I--” of “SITS”

  20. Scapulo-Humeral group Attachments: Proximal:infraspinous fossa of scapula Distal:greater tubercle of humerus, MIDDLE facet Actions: External rotation of gleno-humeral joint. Also; depress head of humerus (compress + stabilize the GH jt) PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Suprascapular nerve: C5,6 Spinal segments: C5,6

  21. Teres minor Muscle of the ROTATOR CUFF “- -T-” of “SITS”

  22. Scapulo-Humeral group Attachments: Proximal:lateral boarder of scapula at mid-length Distal:greater tubercle of humerus, LOWER facet Actions: External rotation of gleno-humeral joint. Also; depress head of humerus(Compress + stabilize the GH jt). PERIPHERAL NERVE+ spinal cord level of origin: Axillary nerve: C5,6 Spinal segments: C5,6

  23. Subscapularis Muscle of the ROTATOR CUFF “- - - S” of “SITS”

  24. Scapulo-Humeral group Attachments: Proximal:subscapular fossa of scapula Distal:lesser tubercle of humerus Actions: Internal rotation of gleno-humeral joint. Also, depress head of humerus PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Upper + lower subscapular nerves: C5,6 Spinal segments: C5,6

  25. Deltoid: Anterior, Middle, and Posterior fibers

  26. Scapulo-Humeral group Attachments: Proximal: Anterior: lateral clavicle Middle: acromion process of scapula Posterior: spine of scapula Distal:ALL to deltoid tuberosity of humerus (Compare this to gluteus medius arrangement, especially the actions) Actions: A: ABduct, flex, IR and H. AD at GH jt M: ABduct GH jt P: ABduct, extend, ER, and H. AB at GH jt PERIPHERAL NERVE+ spinal cord level of origin: Axillary nerve: C5,6 Spinal segments: C5,6

  27. Teres major

  28. Scapulo-Humeral group Attachments: Proximal: lateral boarder of scapula at inferior angle Distal:MEDIAL lip of intertubercular groove of humerus (crest of lesser tubercle) Actions: Extend, ADduct, IR at GH jt PERIPHERAL NERVE+ spinal cord level of origin: Lower subscapular nerve: C5,6 Spinal segment: C6

  29. Coracobrachialis

  30. Scapulo-Humeral group Attachments: Proximal:coracoid process of scapula Distal:mid-humerus, medial side Actions: Flex, ADduct at GH jt PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Musculocutaneous nerve: C5,6,7 Spinal segments: C6,7

  31. Biceps brachii: Long head, Short head

  32. Scapulo-Forearm group Attachments: Proximal: Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Short head: coracoid process of scapula Distal:BOTH heads; radial tuberosity + bicipital aponeurosis Actions: Both heads: flex GH jt + flex elbow, supinate forearm PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Musculocutaneous nerve: C5,6,7 Spinal segments: C5,6

  33. Triceps brachii:Long head, Lateral head, and Medial head (deep)

  34. Scapulo-Forearm group Attachments: Proximal: Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: posterior humerus, superior to radial groove Medial head (deep): posterior humerus, inferior to radial groove Distal:ALL 3 heads; olecranon process of ulna Actions: Long head: extend GH joint ALL 3 HEADS: extend elbow joint PERIPHERAL NERVE+ spinal cord level of origin: Radial nerve: C5-T1 Spinal segments: C7,C8

  35. Anconeus

  36. Scapulo-Forearm group Attachments: Proximal:lateral epicondyle of humerus Distal:olecranon process of ulna Actions: Extend elbow joint PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Radial nerve: C5-T1 Spinal segments: C7,C8

  37. Brachialis

  38. Elbow: muscles of the brachium acting at the elbow Attachments: Proximal:anterior distal shaft of humerus Distal:anterior proximal shaft of ulna (ulnar tuberosity) Actions: Flex elbow PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Musculocutaneous nerve: C5,6,7 Spinal segments: C5,6

  39. Brachioradialis

  40. Elbow: muscles of the brachium acting at the elbow Attachments: Proximal:lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Distal:styloid process of distal radius Actions: Flex elbow PERIPHERAL NERVE + spinal cord level of origin: Radial nerve: C5-T1 Spinal segments: C5,6

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