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Intermediate 1 Unit 1 c Revision Bonding

Intermediate 1 Unit 1 c Revision Bonding. Atoms. All elements are made from tiny particles called atoms . Atoms are tiny particles that cannot be broken down into anything simpler. Gold is made from gold atoms. Magnesium is made from magnesium atoms.

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Intermediate 1 Unit 1 c Revision Bonding

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  1. Intermediate 1 Unit 1 c Revision Bonding

  2. Atoms All elements are made from tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are tiny particles that cannot be broken down into anything simpler. Gold is made from gold atoms. Magnesium is made from magnesium atoms. Atoms of one element are different to the atoms of every other element.

  3. Atomic Number Each element is given a special number, we call this the atomic number. The Periodic Table on page 8 of your data booklet has the atomic numbers of all the elements.

  4. Molecules Some substances are made up of molecules. Molecules are made up of two or more different atoms joined together. The atoms in a molecule can be of the same element. The atoms in a molecule can be of different elements. The atoms in a molecule are held together by strong bonds. The molecules are held together by weak bonds.

  5. Iodine – an element strong bonds between atoms inside the molecule weak bonds between the molecules The atoms in this molecule are from the same element – this is a molecule of an element.

  6. Water – a compound strong bonds between atoms inside the molecule weak bonds between the molecules The atoms in this molecule are from different elements – this is a molecule of a compound.

  7. Ionic Substances Some substances are made up of ions. Ions are particles that have a charge. They can be either positively charged (+) or negatively charged (-). The positive and negative ions are held together by very strong bonds. Sodium chloride (salt) is an ionic compound. Sodium chloride is made of positive sodium ions and negative chloride ions.

  8. Ionic Substances This diagram shows how positive sodium ions and negative chloride ions are held together. - + + - + - + - + + - - + - - + +

  9. Ionic Or Molecular? There are important differences between ionic and molecular compounds. Ionic compounds conduct electricity, molecular compounds do not conduct electricity. Ionic compounds dissolve in water, molecular compounds usually do not dissolve in water. Melting and boiling points also show a difference.

  10. Ionic Or Molecular Ionic compounds have high melting points, molecular compounds have low melting points.

  11. Ionic Or Molecular Ionic compounds are always solid at room temperature, molecular compounds can be soil, liquid or gas at room temperature.

  12. Chemical Formula A chemical formula tells us the number of each atom in the substance. hydrogen H-H oxygen O=O water H-O-H H2 O2 H2O 2 hydrogen atoms 2 oxygen atoms 2 hydrogen atoms, 1 oxygen atom

  13. Chemical Formula Try to work out the formula before you reveal it. C2H6O CH3Cl C2H4O2 C2H2O4

  14. Special Names

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