11-1 Computer Systems 11-2 Business Applications of Technology 11-3 Other Technology Issues

1. C H A P T E R 11 Business and Technology 11-1 Computer Systems 11-2 Business Applications of Technology 11-3 Other Technology Issues

2. 11-1 Computer Systems Goal 1 Identify the main elements of a computer system. Goal 2 Describe input devices and processing activities. Goal 3 Explain computer storage media and output types.

3. KEY TERMS • computer system • hardware • software • computer network • central processing unit (CPU) • program • computer language • operating system software • application software

4. ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM • Input • Processing • Memory and storage • Output device

5. COMPUTER NETWORKS • Global computer network (Internet) • For accessing the World Wide Web • For exchanging e-mail • Local computer network (intranet) • Functions like a typical website • Used to share information within an organization

6. Checkpoint  • List the four main elements of a computer system. • Input device(s) • Processing unit • Memory and storage • Output device(s)

7. INPUT AND PROCESSING • Input: getting started • Processing: making things happen • Word processing • Desktop publishing • Database software • Spreadsheet software • Presentation software

8. Checkpoint  • What are common input devices? • Common input devices include keyboard, mouse, game controller, joystick, touch-sensitive screen, scanner, voice-activated system, microphone, and camera.

9. MEMORY AND OUTPUT • Memory and storage • Saving for later • Output • Obtaining results

10. MEMORY CAPACITY

11. Checkpoint  • How do internal and external memory differ? • Internal memory is inside the computer and holds a fixed amount of data. External memory is not stored within the computer and it is highly portable.

12. 11-2 Business Applications of Technology Goal 1 Describe the components of a management information system (MIS). Goal 2 Identify computer applications in service industries. Goal 3 Discuss e-commerce activities.

13. KEY TERMS • management information system (MIS) • computer-assisted instruction (CAI) • e-commerce

14. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS • A management information system (MIS) is a coordinated system of processing and reporting information in an organization. • Managers need information to make business decisions. • Computer systems and software are essential parts of MIS.

15. COMPONENTS OF AN MIS

16. DATA SOURCES • External data sources • Internal data sources

17. THE MIS IN ACTION 1. Identify the information needs of the organization. 2. Obtain facts, figures, and other data. 3. Process, analyze, and organize data in a useful manner. 4. Distribute information reports to those who make decisions. 5. Update data files as needed.

18. Checkpoint  • What are the four components of a management information system? • The four components are gathering data, analyzing data, storing data, and reporting results.

19. TECHNOLOGY IN SERVICE INDUSTRIES • Public service • Education • Health care • Financial services

20. Checkpoint  • What service industries make extensive use of computers? • Service industries that make extensive use of computers include public service organizations such as government, military, and police agencies; educational institutions such as local school districts, community colleges, and universities; health care facilities, such as hospitals and doctors’ offices; and financial services industries, such as banks and insurance companies.

21. E-COMMERCE • E-commerce refers to conducting business transactions using the Internet or other technology.

22. TYPES OF E-COMMERCE • Four types of e-commerce • Business-to-Consumer (B2C) • Business-to-Business (B2B) • Consumer-to-Business (C2B) • Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) • E-commerce matrix

23. E-COMMERCE ACTIVITIES • Providing product information • Promoting a company • Selling online • Conducting market research • Making payments • Obtaining parts and supplies • Tracking shipments

24. GLOBAL E-COMMERCE • Importing and exporting • Videoconferencing

25. Checkpoint  • What do the notations B2C and B2B mean? • The notation B2C refers to the Business-to-Consumer e-commerce model, while B2B means the Business-to-Business e-commerce model.

26. 11-3 Other Technology Issues Goal 1 Explain workplace uses of technology. Goal 2 Identify home and personal applications of technology. Goal 3 Discuss social concerns related to technology.

27. KEY TERMS • robotics • artificial intelligence (AI) • expert system • computer-aided design (CAD) • telecommuting • piracy • computer virus

28. WORKPLACE TECHNOLOGY • Robotics • Expert systems • Computer-aided design (CAD) • Telecommuting

29. Checkpoint  • How is computer-aided design (CAD) used by businesses? • Businesses use CAD to experiment with many variations of sizes, shapes, and materials before spending time and money on building prototypes or starting actual production.

30. HOME AND PERSONAL TECHNOLOGY • School and homework • Home robotics • Household record keeping

31. Checkpoint  • What types of technology tools are available to students? • Available tools include word processing software for preparing written assignments, Internet browsers for conducting research, online dictionaries and encyclopedias, and presentation software for creating slide shows.

32. SOCIAL CONCERNS OF TECHNOLOGY • Employment trends • Health concerns • Computer crime • Privacy concerns

33. Checkpoint  • How do companies suffer from software piracy? • Software piracy robs the creators of software of their legal profits. • It is very expensive to develop new software, often requiring teams of hundreds of workers for a single program. • Because of software piracy, companies have fewer dollars available to spend on creating new software.