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Shale gas in Poland – prospects and challenges

Unconventional Gas & CO 2 Storage Laboratory. Shale gas in Poland – prospects and challenges. Marcin Lutyński Silesian University of Technology Gliwice, Poland. One of the biggest technical universities in Poland,

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Shale gas in Poland – prospects and challenges

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  1. UnconventionalGas & CO2 Storage Laboratory Shale gas in Poland – prospects and challenges Marcin Lutyński SilesianUniversityof Technology Gliwice, Poland

  2. One of the biggest technical universities in Poland, the University consists of fifteen faculties which offer about 50 courses and almost 200 specializations, -the University employs 1863 scientific-didactic staff, including 173 titular professors and 237 doctors of science, -at present there are almost 29,000 students at the University. The Rector’s insygnia

  3. History: • the Silesian University of Technology was founded on 24th May 1945 with setting up of four faculties: Mechanical, Electrical, Metallurgical and Civil Engineering, • the first inauguration of the academic year at the University in Gliwice took place on 29th October 1945 and 2750 students began their studies, • so far, 114 thousand engineers have graduated from the University which has also granted 3,5 thousand PhD and 550 DSc degrees. A lecture at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering in the 1950s

  4. International Cooperation: - the Silesian University of Technology participates in Europeanprogrammes for academic exchange: LLP-ERASMUS, CEEPUS - Central European Exchange Program for University Studies, STF – Scholarship and Training Fund, CEI – Central European Initiative, Support for the International Mobility of Researchers. A class at the Faculty of Architecture

  5. The Silesian University of Technology gives an opportunity to develop in any field Faculties: Faculty of Architecture Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering Faculty of Chemistry Faculty of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Mining and Geology Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Applied Mathematics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Materials Science and Metallurgy Faculty of Organization and Management Faculty of Transport Foreign Language College Institute of Physics – Centre for Science and Education

  6. The main entrance to the building of the Faculty of Mining and Geology • Courses: • Mining and Geology • - Safety Engineering Faculty of Mining and Geology: employs 30 professors and PhD DSc holders and 113 PhD holders, conducts research into modern mining technologies comprising geological prospecting, economically efficient extraction of mineral deposits, application of energy–efficient and reliable machines, compliance with all safety regulations and protection of the natural environment.

  7. Energy dependence rate of EU countries in 2008 The most important suppliers of crude oil and natural gas were Russia (33% of oil imports and 40% of gas imports) and Norway (16% and 23% respectively). Denmark is the only net energy exporter: -36,8%

  8. Energy dependency rate, EU-27, 2006-2009

  9. The new source? Unconventional Gas – Shale GasGlobal spread in shale gas resources

  10. Unconventional Gas…What’s that…? • According to National Petroleum Council: „natural gas that cannot be produced at economic flow rates nor in economic volumes of natural gas unless the well is stimulated by a large hydraulic fracture treatment, a horizontal wellbore, or by using multilateral wellbores or some other technique to expose more of the reservoir to the wellbore”

  11. Unconventional Gas Reservoirs • deep gas • tight gas • gas-containing shales (SHALE GAS) • coalbed methane (CBM) • geopressurized zones • Arctic and sub-sea hydrates

  12. Unconventional Gas Resources Resources Pyramid

  13. Tight Gas reservoir Conventional Gas reservoir Tightl Gas fracturing Shale Gas reservoir

  14. Tight Gas • This is gas that is stuck in a very tight formation underground, trapped in unusually impermeable, hard rock, or in a sandstone or limestone formation that is unusually impermeable and non-porous (tight sand) • For example it’s appr. 21% of the total recoverable US Natural Gas reserves Conventional reservoir Tight gas formation

  15. Shale GasReservoir characterization • Low permeability reservoirs: 0.0001 - 0.01 md • High organic content TOC > 1-6% wg. • Shale is a source and sink for the gas • Sorption of gas on organic matter in micro and nano pores • „Free gas” in macropores and fractures • In order to produce gas stimulation is needed, the most common method is hydraulic fracturing (slickwater) • Injection of proppant in order to sustain fracture • Low production rates (15 000 – 140 000 m3/well/day) but longer life of a well (up to 30 years) • Horizontal wells provide higher recovery – 2 x more expensive

  16. USA – the World leader in shale gas production • Commercial production so far only in US and Canada • In US Unconventional Gas (i.e. CBM + Shale Gas) accounts for 42% of the total gas production, in 2020 it should grow up to 64%) • In Canada Unconventional Gas accounts for 24% of the total gas production

  17. Two technologies that contributed to the development of shale gas reservoirs in the world • Hydraulicfracturing • Horizontal (directional) wellbores

  18. Shale Gas Production principles

  19. Fracturing of shalereservoirs Source: STATOIL

  20. Fracturing of shale reservoirs Fracture Proppant

  21. Hydraulic Fracturing Operation Equipment 1. Well head and frac tree with ‘Goat Head’ 2. Flow line (for flowback & testing) 3. Sand separator for flowback 4. Flowback tanks 5. Line heaters 6. Flare stack 7. Pump trucks 8. Sand hogs 9. Sand trucks 10. Acid trucks 11. Frac additive trucks 12. Blender 13. Frac control and monitoring center 14. Fresh water impoundment 15. Fresh water supply pipeline 16. Extra tanks Production equipment 17. Line heaters 18. Separator-meter skid 19. Production manifold Fracturing requires precise logistic planning wg. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; Division of Mineral Resources

  22. Typical Marcellus Frac: 10 Stages, 4 MM lbs of sand, and 3 MM gal of water pumpedat >100bbls/min

  23. Source: DOE, GWPC: Modern Gas Shale Development In the United States: A Primer (2009)

  24. Composition of fracturing fluid

  25. Shale gas in poland Estimated reserves in bln (109) m3

  26. SHALE GAS POTENTIAL IN EUROPE in bln (109) m3

  27. SHALE GAS – CURRENT SITUATION IN POLAND Shale gas exploration concessions - issued Shale gas exploration concessions - applied Conventional gas exploration concessions - issued Conventional gas exploration concessions - applied SOURCE: Ministry of Environment

  28. SHALE GAS – CURRENT SITUATION IN POLAND EXPLORATORY WELLS AS OF 4.11.2013 SOURCE: Ministry of Environment

  29. SHALE GAS – CURRENT SITUATION IN POLAND STIMULATION JOBS IN WELLS AS OF 4.11.2013 *DIAGNOSTIC FRACTURE INJECTION TEST SOURCE: Ministry of Environment

  30. Challenges and prospects • According to recent promises of the Minister of Environment shale gas production on commercial scale should start in 2014 • Companies complain on formal obstacles • EU Directives on shale gas?? • There is a strong support of government regarding shale gas development – national research programme Blue Gas – 250 mln PLN ( ̴63 mln €)

  31. Thankyou for Yourattention!! MARCIN.LUTYNSKI@POLSL.PL

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