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Situational Awareness Technologies for Fire Emergency Response Prof. Nalini Venkatasubramanian

Situational Awareness Technologies for Fire Emergency Response Prof. Nalini Venkatasubramanian Department of Computer Science & Center for Emergency Response Technologies University of California, Irvine January 13 th , 2009. Center for Emergency Response Technologies (CERT).

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Situational Awareness Technologies for Fire Emergency Response Prof. Nalini Venkatasubramanian

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  1. Situational Awareness Technologies for Fire Emergency Response Prof. Nalini Venkatasubramanian Department of Computer Science & Center for Emergency Response Technologies University of California, Irvine January 13th, 2009

  2. Center for Emergency Response Technologies (CERT) Established in 2007 by the Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences Mission: Lead research, technology development & coordination of ongoing research projects on role of Information Technology to improving emergency response. Provide a forum for collaboration between academia, industry, and government agencies. Director: Prof. Sharad Mehrotra, Dept. of Computer Science

  3. CERT: Current Projects NSF funded RESCUE project Funded by NSF through its large ITR program (12.5M, 2003-2008) NSF funded Responsphere Infrastructure Funded by NSF through Research Infrastructure program (1.8M, 2004-2009) DHS funded SAFIRE project Funded by DHS through FEMA fire fighter safety program (1M, 2008-09).

  4. Emergency Management Organizations In RESCUE Research Team Project RESCUE Team Collaborating With • NSF funded multidisciplinary research effort on responding to crisis and unexpected events • Information Technology • Social and Disaster Science • Engineering • State of California Governer’s Office • County of Los Angeles,OCFA • City of Irvine, Ontario, Los Angeles,San Diego • Space and Naval Warfare • San Diego Police Department • UC Irvine Environment Health and Safety

  5. The RESCUE Project • Mission • Empower first responders and response organizations with the right information at the right time enhancing their ability to make the right decisions during disasters. • System Artifacts: • Disaster Portal – Web based technologies to share information during disasters. • Alert System – for information dissemination to organizations & to the public • SATWARE – integrated sensor middleware • METASIM – integrated crisis & response simulator • INLET -- internet based loss estimation tool INFORMATION ANALYSIS INFORMATION SHARING INFORMATION COLLECTION INFORMATION DISSEMINATION

  6. RESCUE Disaster Portal • Goal: Improve communication of relevant situational awareness information between first-responders and the public during disasters and emergency incidents • Initial launch: City of Ontario, CA. Sept 2007

  7. RESCUE Disaster Portal • Recent Use: October 2008 SoCal wildfires in Ontario, CA • - 50,000 hits by 5,000 unique users • - 20+ announcements posted from Emergency Operation Centers • - locations of fires, evacuation areas, shelter information • - locations of downed power lines • - road closures etc.

  8. RESPONSPHERE: Instrumented Cyber-Physical Space Campus-wide infrastructure to instrument, monitor, disaster drills & to validate technologies sensing, communicating, storage & computing infrastructure Software for real-time collection, analysis, and processing of sensor information used to create real time information awareness & post-drill analysis 10

  9. SAFIRE (Situational Awareness for Firefighters) Project • Improve the safety of firefighters by providing decision makers with greatly improved situational awareness during response activities - • Personnel accountability / health monitoring • Incident site / environment / hazard information • Resource tracking

  10. Situational Information – How can it be used to improve firefighter safety? Example Scenario: Structure Fire Abnormal event such as flashover detected by sensors. Alert on FICB causes IC to conduct roll call earlier than normal. RIC or closest firefighters can be directed to last known location.

  11. SAFIRE Research Team and Partners

  12. Networking and Sensing Infrastructure • Mobile 802.11 WiFi mesh network with EVDO backhaul • connectivity between the FICB, SAFIRE Server, and external systems. • Mote-based 802.15 ZigBee Personal and environmental networks • Personal Sensing Network: Pulse Rate (heartbeat), Acceleration, Temperature, Humidity, GPS, Orientation, Barometer • Environmental Sensing Network - Mobile Optical/Acoustic sensors (D-Link TPZ cameras), Fixed Mote Infrastructure (dB, Temperature, Light, Humidity) Incident Site Network Personal & Environmental Sensing

  13. The Fire Incident Command Board - FICB Firefighter Status Dashboard Available GIS layers Mapping and Localization Receive and display alert messages.

  14. Technology Integration Exercise • Tested SAFIRE deployment in abbreviated incident scenario. • Held in conjunction with multi-building evacuation drill on September 16, 2008 • “Incident” was hazmat spill in hallway of Calit2 building. Incident site mesh network established Voice communications monitored and recorded Mote-based sensing FICB / SAFIRE Server at Incident Command Post

  15. Findings  Research Reliable, Timely Data Collection in intermittent networks Network Connectivity is limited and intermittent • Situational Data Management (representing, querying, visualization, alerting) techniques that bridge the gap Semantic Gap b/w Sensor Data and situational Information needs Speech – An Important Modality Improve recognition quality to support effective alerting Tools & techniques to collect & “on the fly” integration of local information Seamless provision of external information

  16. Research Initiative 1: Building Reliability & Timeliness in Intermittent Networks Sensors Dead Reckoning (don’t send Irrelevant data) In network Prioritize 2nd floor data Information need Two complementary Approaches • Improve Network Technology • Rapidly deployable ABC networks that leverage all available network technologies • zigbee, 802.11, mesh, cellular backhaul • Build robustness at higher layers without sacrificing on timeliness (our approach) • Exploit application tolerance to errors/delays • Application aware data collection middleware • Exploit mobility (and stability) of nodes to enable robust data transfer Need urgent information About people on 2nd floor DATA FLOW QUERY FLOW

  17. Research Initiative 2: A Semantic Approach to Situational Data Management FICB Application • Decouple sensing from application semantics • “Virtual Sensors” map sensor streams to event streams • Hide heterogeneity, imprecison • Situational awareness applications built (primarily) at the semantic level • No need to program at the sensor level Event Queries Virtual Sensor

  18. Research Initiative 3: Exploiting Human Speech for Event Detection Acoustic Analysis for situational awareness Acoustic capture Physiological Event Detection Triaging Conversations … Specific Noise Detection (Explosion) Processing Speech Voice Amb. Noise • Realization of “human-as-sensor” concept. • Semantically rich information source, benefits from human cognition • Goal: • Process speech to classify segments that contain “vital situational information” useful for response • Alerts based on responder communications, ability to “play back” important component of speech 20

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