What is interaction?

1. What is interaction? Ben Betts | @bbetts | ben@ht2.co.uk CEO, HT2 Research Engineer, University of Warwick

2. E-learning elements that are interactive

3. E-learning elements that are NOT interactive

4. How about an argument? (debate)

5. No E-learning is capable of being interactive

6. I came to that conclusion taking a ‘systems’ approach.

7. A word about systems Read this paper, it’s brilliant: http://www.dubberly.com/articles/what-is-interaction.html

8. 3 types of system Linear Looping Learning

9. Linear systems have a fixed output. They are reactive.

10. Most online experiences are linear. A button, with a function, which you can click to get a reaction. The way in which input affects output cannot change.

11. Looping systems change their output in pursuit of a goal. They are active.

12. Knewton’s Adaptive Learning System might be considered ‘looping’.

13. Learning systems are capable of changing their goal in the context of the environment. They are interactive.

14. IBM’s Watson… the first learning machine?

15. Look at what you wrote down on the interactive list. How many are… Linear Looping Learning?

16. I’d suggest that E-learning doesn’t exist in isolation People use it and people are learning systems So there is the potential for interaction, but we need to allow for dynamic human input.

17. So, how might we measure interactivity? We would expect the unexpected.

18. Was this an interactive session? We could try and measure it… Did input affect output in some unexpected way? Have you changed your goal for today?

19. E-learning elements that are interactive

20. E-learning elements that are NOT interactive

21. With that result in mind I’ll leave you with this thought…

22. Are known learning outcomes a good thing?