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MCL 141 : Thermal Sciences for Manufacturing. Energy or Tool Who cam first ?. An Engineering Duplication to Natural Experts Running Faster. ~350 km/hr. 40 – 48 km/hr. An Engineering Duplication to Natural Experts Swimming Faster. The Sail Fish.
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MCL 141 : Thermal Sciences for Manufacturing Energy or Tool Who cam first ?
An Engineering Duplication to Natural ExpertsRunning Faster ~350 km/hr 40 – 48 km/hr
An Engineering Duplication to Natural ExpertsSwimming Faster The Sail Fish
Cow Brain Protein Could Build Better Batteries and Solar Cell Cow • Researchers at Stanford are exploring the idea that clathrin, a protein found in cow brains, can form nanostructured inorganic material for use in solar cells and batteries. • Unlike synthetic materials used in energy tech that require nasty chemicals and high temperatures to form specific shapes, clathrin can be tweaked at room temperature and pressure. • If all goes well, next-generation solar panels may very well contain traces of cow brain.
Continuous Evolution of Homo Sapients • Raw food eating habits to Micro wave based cooking. • Human and animal vehicles to Automobiles. • Watching a flying bird to flying like a bird at high speeds. • Manual machines to Electric appliances. • Living with available seasonal food to eating anything at any time. • Spending hours on paper note book calculations to High speed computing note book. • …………… • ……………… • ………………………
Human impact on the environment • Human impact is called as an anthropogenic impact. • The term anthropogenic designates an effect or object resulting from human activity. • The anthropogenic impact on the environment includes impacts on biophysical environments, biodiversity and other resources. • The atmospheric scientist Paul Crutzen introduced the term "anthropocene" in the mid-1970s. • The term is sometimes used in the context of pollution emissions that are produced as a result of human activities but applies broadly to all major human impacts on the environment.[
State of ecosystems, habitats and species • In the past, human interaction with nature, enriched the quality and variety of the living world and its habitats, although having a disruptive effect on nature. • Today, however, human pressure on natural environments is greater than before in terms of magnitude and efficiency in disrupting nature. • The policies pursued in the industry, transport and energy sectors having a direct and damaging impact on the nature. • The strong focus of forestry management on economic targets primarily causes the decline in biodiversity, soil erosion and other related effects.
Manifestations of the degradation • The clearest manifestations of the degradation of the natural environment are: • Reduction and fragmentation of habitats and landscapes. • A decreased species diversity, due to reduced habitable surface area which corresponds to a reduced "species carrying capacity". • The reduction of the size of habitats also reduces the genetic diversity of the species living there. • Loss of Species of Fauna and Flora. http://www.hobart.k12.in.us/jkousen/Biology/impact.html
Thermodynamic Classification Living Species Life on Earth Autotrophs Heterotrophs
Earth, Life and Energy • Life on Earth is driven by energy. • Autotrophs take it from solar radiation and create Energy Reservoirs on Earth.
Creators and Exploiters of Energy Reservoirs Heterotrophs take it from autotrophs.
Energy and Human Evolution • The humans are extrasomatic heterotrophs. • The ability to use energy extrasomatically enables human beings to use far more energy than any other heterotroph that has ever evolved. • The human population modified more and more of its environment by using extrasomatic energy to suit human needs. • The world's present population of over 5.5 billion is sustained and continues to grow through the use of extrasomatic energy. • The human race expanded its resource base so that for long periods it has exceeded contemporary requirements.
ONE TIME RESOURCE INCOMING RESOURCE SOLAR ENERGY CO2 + H2O PHTOSYNTHESIS SOLAR RADIATION WINDS VEGETATION Heating of OCEAN S CLOUDS CHEMICAL ENERGY RAINS FOSSILIZATION COAL FOSSIL FUEL PETROLEUM NATURAL GAS
ONE TIME RESOURCE INCOMING RESOURCE SOLAR ENERGY CO2 + H2O PHTOSYNTHESIS SOLAR RADIATION WINDS VEGETATION OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY CLOUDS VELOCITY CHEMICAL ENERGY RAINS THERMAL WAVE WIND ENERGY HYDRO ENERGY FOSSILIZATION COAL FOSSIL FUEL PETROLEUM NATURAL GAS Calorific Value