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Beyond the Hypervisor Hype

Beyond the Hypervisor Hype. Michael A. Salsburg, Ph.D Unisys. Outline. Introduction to Hypervisors A Performance Comparison of Hypervisors It’s the I/O (again) Future Directions for Virtualized I/O Capacity Planning for transforming from Physical to Virtual

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Beyond the Hypervisor Hype

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  1. Beyond the Hypervisor Hype Michael A. Salsburg, Ph.D Unisys

  2. Outline • Introduction to Hypervisors • A Performance Comparison of Hypervisors • It’s the I/O (again) • Future Directions for Virtualized I/O • Capacity Planning for transforming from Physical to Virtual • Virtualization and Utility Computing • Virtualization and Carrier-Level Service • Virtualization Benchmarks

  3. Introduction to Hypervisors • Hypervisor executes directly on hardware (no OS) • VMM presents itself to the virtual machine as the hardware • Less code for hypervisor implies higher resiliency • Xen implements DOM0 • Xen paravirtualizes – VMware does not

  4. A Performance Comparison of Hypervisors • VMware and Xen publish different results with the same benchmarks • Benchmarks • SPECcpu2000 Integer tests – CPU intensive • Passmark – memory –intensive • Netperf – network specific • SPECjbb2005 – java application server workload • SPECcpu2000 compilation tests – compilation benchmark for assessing development workloads

  5. A Performance Comparison of Hypervisors VMware Xen Results XenSource Xen Results http://www.vmware.com/pdf/hypervisor_performance.pdf http://blogs.xensource.com/rogerk/wp-content/uploads/2007/03/hypervisor_performance_comparison_1_0_5_with_esx-data.pdf

  6. REALITY Check I/O transfers at “wire speed” does not tell the whole story…… An I/O-intensive workload can result in twice the CPU utilization on a virtual machine when compared to the physical one

  7. Hypervisor emulation of a device Discovery Device Control Data Transfer I/O Interrupts Pure Emulation Support for Legacy O/S and device drivers Performance Impact It’s the I/O (again)

  8. Paravirtualization of Device Drivers are an essential element in good performance The replacement of the native device drivers is an essential part of virtualization Physical to Virtual Transformation It’s the I/O (again)

  9. Future Directions for Virtualized I/OIntel Processors No Virtualization

  10. Future Directions for Virtualized I/O Current Hypervisors

  11. Intel’s VT-d provides Protection Domains Protects Direct Memory Access (DMA) between device and VM Interrupt remapping architecture Supports caching of remapping-structure entries on the device Future Directions for Virtualized I/O VMMs with VT-d

  12. Capacity Planning for transforming from Physical to Virtual

  13. Capacity Planning for transforming from Physical to Virtual

  14. Virtualization and Utility Computing • “No More Down Time” • Corporate workloads grow and shrink on shared resources • When resources are scarce, new servers are provisioned • Otherwise, business policies dictate priorities for utility-wide CPU cycles • What will it take for Business Units to share resources? • Chargeback in a Virtualized Environment • Real Time Infrastructure

  15. Ticket Sales Scenario .. using a real time infrastructure

  16. Digital Dashboard

  17. Ticketing Process TicketReserved BEGIN IssueTicket TicketRequest END EstablishSpecialNeeds SearchLoyaltyProgram PickLocation CreditCardVerification ReserveTicket

  18. warning Ticketing Process TicketReserved BEGIN IssueTicket TicketRequest END EstablishSpecialNeeds SearchLoyaltyProgram PickLocation CreditCardVerification ReserveTicket

  19. BAM as an Early Warning System Bill Gassman, David McCoy, Web Services & Application Integration Conference 2003 17–19 November 2003

  20. warning Credit Card Verification CreditCardVerification getName contactCCAgent getNumber getCreditCard

  21. Visualizing RTI Animation

  22. Virtualization and Carrier-Level Service • Recovery-Oriented Computing • The network of software components share the same memory • An error or attack can corrupt all memory within the OS and its applications • Solution –reboot, which initializes all components • Partition dependent components using virtualization • Failure causes re-booting of dependent components http://roc.cs.berkeley.edu/papers/ROC_TR02-1175.pdf

  23. Tiled Workload Mail Server – Actions / Minute Java Server – New Orders / Sec Standby Server – N/A Web Server - Accesses / Sec Database Server – Commits / Sec File Server - MB/second Scores are Aggregated Virtualization Benchmarks http://www.vmware.com/pdf/vmmark_intro.pdf

  24. Virtualization Benchmark Normalized Raw

  25. The Future and Beyond • Expect to see new applications of virtualization • Closely monitor successes/failures in high transaction and data-intensive environments • Will Xen Survive? • When will Viridian see the light of day?

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