ANABOLIC STERIODS & HUMAN GROWTH HORMONS (HGH)

1. ANABOLIC STERIODS & HUMAN GROWTH HORMONS (HGH)

2. What is anabolic steroids? • Also know as anabolic- androgenic steroids (AAS) • Comes from the Greek word anabole “to build up” andros-genein “man- to produce” • These compounds promote muscle growth and a lean body mass but can cause several dangerous side effects.

3. Anabolic steroids was first discovered by a 72-yr old British neurologist Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard who injected himself with a mixture of testicle extracts from dogs and guinea pigs in 1889 During WWII anabolic steroids was a big use History of steroids

4. Medical use of steroids • Anabolic steroids are now being used therapeutically in the medicine field. • To stimulate bone growth and appetite • Induce male puberty • And to treat chronic wasting conditions such as cancer aids • All these conditions are base and a small doses of steroids an overwhelming dose of steroids interact in side effects.

5. Higher blood pressure Acne Decreased sperm count Reduced testicular size Breast growth (males) Menstrual irregularities Masculinization (females) Increased risk of cancers Increased risk of heart attacks Mood swings and aggression Side effectives

6. How it is made

7. Can’t be used • The use of steroids is banned by all major sporting bodies • W.T.A N.H.L • I.T.F M.L.B • I.O.C N.B.A • F.I.F.A E.A.A • U.E.F.A N.F.L

8. Who mostly uses them? • Major lead athletes • Out of all those sports announced at least 3 out of every teams used steroids. (esp. in the M.L.B field) • Even thou the law prohibits the use of steroids. • The coach's provided there team with this drug. • Police officers. • “laws are meant to be broken”- Tom Boone

9. HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE • Is a hormone that stimulates growth and cell reproduction in humans and other animals. • Protein hormone • “it is a 191-amino acid, single chain polypeptide hormone which is synthesized, stored, and secreted by the somatotroph cells within the lateral wings of the anterior pituitary gland.

10. Molecular struture • Consist of 191-amino acids and a molecular weight of 22,000 daltons. • The structure includes four helices necessary for functional interaction with the GH receptor. • GH is structurally and apparently evolutionarily homologous to prolactin and chorionic somatomammotropin.

11. Functions of HGH • Can be generally be described as anabolic (build up). • HGH Acts by interacting with a specific receptor on the surface of the cells. (like most other protein hormones). • The most noticeable of which is the increase of height throughout childhood, and there are several diseases which can be treated through the therapeutic use of GH.

12. Positive side of HGH • while under going childhood and taking HGH. • Increases calcium retention, and strengthens and increases the mineralization of bone • Increases muscle mass through the sarcomere hyperplasia • Promotes lipolysis • Increases protein synthesis • Stimulating the growth of all internal organs excluding the brain • Plays a role in fuel homeostasis. • Reduces liver uptake of glucose • Promotes gluconeogenesis in the liver • It contributes to the maintenance and function of pancreatic islets. • It stimulates the immune system.

13. Negative side of HGH • taking an excess amount of HGH can result in a pituitarty tumor compose of somatotroph cells of the anterior pituitarty. (most common), this can lead to: Headaches, Impair vision…. • Thickens the bones of the jaws, fingers and toes. • Muscles weakness. • Insulin resistance or type 2 dianetes (rare case) • Reduce in sexual function.

14. Therapeutic use of HGH • HGH treatment for remission of Multiple sclerosis • HGH treatment to reverse effects of aging in older adults • HGH treatment to enhance weight loss in obesity • HGH treatment for fibromyalgia • HGH treatment for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis • HGH treatment for idiopathic short stature • HGH treatment for bodybuilding or athletic enhancement • The use of bovine somatotropin to increase milk production in cattle