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INTRODUCTION TO PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. 2 6 . February. 2014 Wednesday. Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D . . Neuron. 100 billion neurons in the brain share a number of common features : Cell body metabolic center of the neuron Dendrites receives connections from other neurons. Axon
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INTRODUCTION TO PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM • 26. February.2014 Wednesday Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D.
Neuron 100 billion neurons in the brain share a number of common features: Cell body metaboliccenter of theneuron Dendrites receives connections from other neurons. Axon transmits information to otherneurons Presynapticterminals
Synapse terminal region of the axon where one neuron forms a connection with another and conveys information through the process of synaptic transmission. To communicate with the postsynaptic cell, the presynaptic neuron needs to release a chemical messenger. Neurotransmitters AcetylcholineMemory Adrenaline DopamineReward, addiction Histamine Noradrenaline SerotoninMood
Neuroglia Non-neuronal supporting cells Macroglia Microglia Ependymal cells
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM • 12 PAIRS OF CRANIAL NERVES • 31 PAIRS OF SPINAL NERVES • ASSOCIATED STRUCTURES (SUCH AS GANGLIA)
SENSORY MOTOR
SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM exteroceptors external stimuli (pain, touch, and temperature) proprioception receptors @ tendons, joint capsules, and muscles convey position sense http://www.nature.com/nrn/journal/v4/n7/fig_tab/nrn1141_F1.html
http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/modules/NS_overview_module/NS_Overview_10.htmlhttp://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/anatomy2010/html/modules/NS_overview_module/NS_Overview_10.html
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEMSENSORY – AFFERTENT FIBERS interoceptors in visceral organs convey stretch as well as pressure, chemoreception, and pain.
Gyrus & Sulcus & Fissure SULCI-depressions- DIVIDE THE BRAIN INTO GYRI -elevations- LOBESare MADE UP BY GYRI
Sensoryhomunculus Motor homunculus
Sensoryhomunculus Motor homunculus
Important station that receives the main sensory tracts (except the olfactory pathway). • A station where much of the information is integrated and relayed to the cerebral cortex and many other subcortical regions. • A key role in the integration of visceral and somatic functions.