polish culture

1. project 2011-2012…… polish culture

2. Tasos Pagalos Loukas Kottas Anna Koutra Loukas Koukoutsis Kwstantinos Litsas By the hot fuzz

3. Most residents of Poland adhere to the Christian faith, with 89.8% belonging to the Roman Catholic Church.Catholicism plays an important role in the lives of many Poles and the Roman Catholic Church in Poland enjoys social prestige and political influence. The Church is widely respected by its members, who see it as a symbol of Polish heritage and culture. The rest of the population consists mainly of Eastern Orthodox (about 506,000 believers, mainly Polish Belarussians), Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland (about 85,000) and various Protestant (about 250,000, with about 130,000 Jehovah's Witnesses in the largest religious minorities. Religion in Poland

4. 80% of Polish citizens responded that "they believe there is a God" (which was the fifth highest result in Europe). • 15% answered that "they believe there is some sort of spirit or life force". • 3% answered that "don't know". • 2% answered that "they do not believe there is any sort of spirit, God or life force". • According to the most recent CBOS opinion poll published in the fall of 2008 • 94% of Poles claim "they believe in God", • 6% claim they "do not believe in God or do not know", • 52% of believers claim "they attend to mass, religious meetings etc. at least once a week", • while 17% do so "once or twice a month", • 18% do so "a few times a year", • and 13%"never do so". According to the most recent Eurobarometer Poll 2005

6. Poland's sports include almost all sports, in particular: track & field, basketball, boxing, fencing, football, American football (Gridiron), handball, ice hockey, swimming, volleyball, and weightlifting. The first Polish Formula One driver, Robert Kubica, has also brought awareness of Formula One Racing to Poland. Volleyball and football are the country's most popular sports, with a rich history of international competition. Poland has also made a distinctive mark in motorcycle speedway racing thanks to Tomasz Gollob, a highly successful Polish rider. The Polish mountains are an ideal venue for hiking, skiing and mountain biking and attract millions of tourists every year from all over the world. Baltic beaches and resorts are popular locations for fishing, canoeing, kayaking and a broad-range of other water-themed sports Sport in Poland

8. GrzegorzLato, footballer (born 8 April, 1950 in Malbork, Poland) - Lato is the all-time cap leader for the Polish National Football Team. He was the leading scorer at the 1974 FIFA World Cup, where he won the Golden Shoe after scoring a tournament best seven goals. Lato's playing career coincided with the golden era of Polish football, which began with Olympic gold in Munich in 1972 and ended a decade later with a third place finish at the 1982 World Cup in Spain, a repeat of the Poles' impressive finish at the 1974 championships in Germany. Lato retired from professional football in 1984 with 45 international goals, a record that stands to this day. • Adam Małysz, ski jumper (born 3 December 1977 in Wisła, Poland) - Małysz won four Olympic medals (3 silver, 1 bronze) at the 2002 Winter Games in Salt Lake City and 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver and has won the World Championships for 4 times, and got 1 silver and bronze medal. He has also won an incredible 39 World Cup competitions, second only to Finland's MattiNykänen (46) on the all-time list. He is the first ski jumper ever to win the World Cup 3 times in a row. Famous Polish athletes

9. Irena Szewińska, sprinter (born Irena Kirszenstein on 24 May 1946 in Leningrad, Russia, - Between 1964 and 1980 Szewińska participated in five Olympic Games, winning seven medals, three of them gold. She also broke six world records and was the first woman to hold world records at 100 m, 200 m and 400 m at the same time. She also won 13 medals in European Championships. Between 1965 and 1979 she gathered 26 titles of Champion of Poland in 100 m sprint, 200 m sprint, 400 m sprint, 4x400 m relay and long jump. • Tomasz Gollob, motorcycle speedway rider (born 11 April 1971 in Bydgoszcz, Poland) - Gollob is Poland's most recognized motorcyclist. He has finished in the top ten of the Speedway Grand Prix 11 times, including his best performance in 1999 when he captured second place. And…

10. Polish cuisine (Polish: kuchniapolska) is a style of cooking and food preparation originating from Poland. It has evolved over the centuries due to historical circumstances. Polish national cuisine shares some similarities with other Central European and Eastern Europeantraditions as well as French and Italiansimilarities.It is rich in meat, especially beef, chicken and pork, and winter vegetables (cabbage in the dish bigos), and spices.It is also characteristic in its use of various kinds of noodles the most notable of which are kluski as well as cereals such as kasha (from the Polish word kasza).Generally speaking, Polish cuisine is hearty and uses a lot of cream and eggs. The traditional dishes are often demanding in preparation. Many Poles allow themselves a generous amount of time to serve and enjoy their festive meals, especially Christmas eve dinner (Wigilia) or Easter breakfast which could take a number of days to prepare in their entirety. Polish cuisine

11. Traditionally, the main meal is eaten about 2 p.m. or later, and is usually composed of three courses, starting with a soup, such as popular rosół and tomato soup or more festive barszcz (beet borscht) or żurek (sour rye meal mash), followed perhaps in a restaurant by an appetizer of herring (prepared in either cream, oil, or vinegar). Other popular appetizers are various cured meats, vegetables or fish in aspic. The main course is usually meaty including a roast or kotletschabowy (breaded pork cutlet). Vegetables, currently replaced by leaf salad, were not very long ago most commonly served as "surówka" - shredded root vegetables with lemon and sugar (carrot, celeriac, beetroot) or sauerkraut (kapustakiszona). The side dishes are usually boiled potatoes or more traditionally kasza (cereals). Meals often conclude with a dessert such as makowiec, a poppy seed pastry, or drożdżówka, a type of yeast cake. Other Polish specialities include chłodnik (a chilled beet or fruit soup for hot days), golonka (pork knuckles cooked with vegetables), kołduny (meat dumplings), zrazy (stuffed slices of beef), salceson and flaki (tripe). Details…

13. Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Economic Area, International Energy Agency, Council of Europe, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, International Atomic Energy Agency . Polish goverment

14. . Poland is a democracy, with a president as a head of state, whose current constitution dates from 1997. The government structure centers on the Council of Ministers, led by a prime minister. The president appoints the cabinet according to the proposals of the prime minister, typically from the majority coalition in the Sejm. The president is elected by popular vote every five years. The current president is BronislawKomorowski. Komorowski replaced President Lech Kaczynski following an April 10, 2010 air crash which claimed the life of President Kaczynski, his wife, and 94 other people, during a visit to western Russia for events marking the 70th anniversary of the Katyn massacre. The current prime minister, Donald Tusk, was appointed in 2007 after his party made significant gains in that year's parliamentary elections. In 2011, Tusk became the first Polish prime minister in history to be democratically re-elected for a consecutive term. • Polish voters elect a bicameral parliament consisting of a 460-member lower house (Sejm) and a 100-member Senate (Senat). The Sejm is elected under proportional representation according to the d'Hondt method, a method similar to that used in many parliamentary political systems. The Senat, on the other hand, is elected under the First-past-the-post voting method, with one senator being returned from each of the 100 constituencies. • The Sejm's session chamber in Warsaw And….

15. With the exception of ethnic minority parties, only candidates of political parties receiving at least 5% of the total national vote can enter the Sejm. When sitting in joint session, members of the Sejm and Senat form the National Assembly (the ZgromadzenieNarodowe). The National Assembly is formed on three occasions: when a new President takes the oath of office; when an indictment against the President of the Republic is brought to the State Tribunal (TrybunalStanu); and when a president's permanent incapacity to exercise his duties because of the state of his health is declared. To date only the first instance has occurred. • The judicial branch plays an important role in decision-making. Its major institutions include the Supreme Court of the Republic of Poland (Sad Najwyzszy); the Supreme Administrative Court of the Republic of Poland (Naczelny Sad Administracyjny); the Constitutional Tribunal of the Republic of Poland (TrybunalKonstytucyjny); and the State Tribunal of the Republic of Poland (TrybunalStanu). On the approval of the Senat, the Sejm also appoints the ombudsman or the Commissioner for Civil Rights Protection (RzecznikPrawObywatelskich) for a five-year term. The ombudsman has the duty of guarding the observance and implementation of the rights and liberties of Polish citizens and residents, of the law and of principles of community life and social justice. • In 2011, Poles elected Anna Grodzka as the first ever transsexual MP in European history,[49] and the second transgender MP in European history, after the Italian Vladimir Luxuria

17. Artists from Poland, including famous composers like Chopin or Lutosławski and traditional, regionalized folk musicians, create a lively and diverse music scene, which even recognizes its own music genres, such as poezja śpiewana. Music….

18. The origin of Polish music can be traced as far back as the 13th century, from which manuscripts have been found in StarySącz, containing polyphonic compositions related to the Parisian Notre Dame School. Other early compositions, such as the melody of Bogurodzica, may also date back to this period. The first known notable composer, however, Mikołaj z Radomia, lived in the 15th century. The melody of Bógsięrodzi by an unknown composer was a coronation polonaise for Polish kings. • During the 16th century, mostly two musical groups - both based in Kraków and belonging to the King and Archbishop of Wawel - led the rapid innovation of Polish music. Composers writing during this period include Wacław z Szamotuł, MikołajZieleński, and MikołajGomółka. Diomedes Cato, a native-born Italian who lived in Kraków from about the age of five, became one of the most famous lutenists at the court of Sigismund III, and not only imported some of the musical styles from southern Europe, but blended them with native folk music. Beginning…

19. Polishfolk music was collected in the 19th century by Oskar Kolberg, as part of a wave of Polish national revival.With the coming of the world wars and then the Communist state, folk traditions were oppressed or subsumed into state-approved folk ensembles.[The most famous of the state ensembles are Mazowsze and Śląsk, both of which still perform. Though these bands had a regional touch to their output, the overall sound was a homogenized mixture of Polish styles. There were more authentic state-supported groups, such as Słowianki, but the Communist sanitized image of folk music made the whole field seem unhip to young audiences, and many traditions dwindled rapidly. • Polish dance music, especially the mazurka and polonaise, were popularized by Frederick Chopin, and they soon spread across Europe and elsewhere. These are triple time dances, while five-beat forms are more common in the northeast and duple-time dances like the krakowiak come from the south. The polonaise comes from the French word for Polish to identify its origin among the Polish aristocracy, who had adapted the dance from a slower walking dance called chodzony.The polonaise then re-entered the lower-class musical life, and became an integral part of Polish music. Traditional music…

20. Frédéric François Chopin Pictures:

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