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Waqf : Redefining Growth and Prosperity Seminar organized by IQRA Foundation and INCEIF, at Central Bank of Malaysia

Waqf : Redefining Growth and Prosperity Seminar organized by IQRA Foundation and INCEIF, at Central Bank of Malaysia. REDEFINING GROWTH AND PROSPERITY FOR WAQF DEVELOPMENT. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Syukri Salleh Centre for Islamic Development Management Studies

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Waqf : Redefining Growth and Prosperity Seminar organized by IQRA Foundation and INCEIF, at Central Bank of Malaysia

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  1. Waqf: Redefining Growth and Prosperity Seminarorganized by IQRA Foundation and INCEIF, atCentral Bank of Malaysia REDEFINING GROWTH AND PROSPERITY FOR WAQF DEVELOPMENT Prof. Dr. Muhammad SyukriSalleh Centre for Islamic Development Management Studies (ISDEV), UniversitiSains Malaysia 15 December 2011

  2. THE STATE OFWAQF DEVELOPMENT • At revival and formative stage, if not infancy, after gone through: i. Disastrous experience of the Ottoman Empire especially in Tanzimat Era of the 1830's (from previously autonomous waqfs to centralisation of waqf management, full-fledged in 1847) © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  3. THE STATE OFWAQF DEVELOPMENT ii. Imperialistic experience from the West in 1860 (the abolition of the waqf system imposed by the British government as one of the conditions in the Treaties of Paris, London and Berlin, in response to the Ottoman government's request for a loan after the Crimean War (Murat Cizakca 2002:267-271). © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  4. THE STATE OFWAQF DEVELOPMENT 2. Innovative and productive: • New methods in accomplishing efficient and effective accumulation of waqfeg via various forms of cash and corporate waqf; • New methods in delivering maximum benefits to the beneficiries of waqf (maukufalaih) © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  5. This is important, at least as a counter-response to the 10/40 Window • 10/40 WINDOW • Founded by Christian missions strategist Luis Bush • 10/40 = `Unreached’ areas lying across Africa and Asia from 10 degrees latitude north of the equator to 40 degrees latitude north of the equator. 2/3 (> 4.4 billion) `unreached’ and `unevangelized’ people (Muslims, Chinese, Hindus, Buddhists, Jews and animistic) live in these areas. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  6. 10/40 WINDOW TARGET 10/40 WINDOW © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  7. 10/40 WINDOW TARGET 10/40 WINDOW © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  8. 10/40 WINDOW • Strategy: To mobilize and facilitate short term mission trips (2-3 weeks in length) to enable anyone to GO and SERVE unreached peoples within the 10/40 window. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  9. 10/40 WINDOW • Window = • WitnessingIndigenous church planting Networking partnerships Discipling leaders Orphanage and medical ministry Water well projects © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  10. THE STATE OFWAQF DEVELOPMENT 3. A shift from welfare-oriented to commercial-profit-oriented, social to economic concentration, unproductive to productive system, for the growth and prosperity of the ummah. Balanced attention to both is necessary: mosques, schools, graveyards = property, cash, shares, etc. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  11. THE QUESTIONS • Waqf = Islamic institutions • But the growth and prosperity, by whose definition? • Could an unIslamically defined growth and prosperity (neo-classical or radical western eurocentric definition) be the indicators/index of growth and prosperity of an Islamic institution like Waqf? © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  12. Meaning of Economic Growth http://www.harpercollege.edu/mhealy/eco212i/lectures/econgrow/econgrow.htm © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  13. Meaning of Prosperity The state of being prosperous; advance or gain in anything good or desirable; successful progress in any business or enterprise; attainment of the object desired; good fortune; success; as, commercial prosperity; national prosperity. http://thinkexist.com/dictionary/meaning/prosperity/ © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  14. THE QUESTIONS 2. Why are we keen on endeavouring prosperity via growth, while the western scholars themselves are already: i. Shifting towards prosperity without growth (eg Tim Jackson) ii. Pushing for a "new economics" iii. Reviving western eurocentric influence via Bologna Process, working together with new emerging "neo-european" scholars © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  15. 1. Shifting Towards Prosperity Without Growth (Tim Jackson) Conventional wisdom of economic growth = to deliver prosperity = Higher incomes = better choices, richer lives, an improved quality of life for us all. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  16. 1. Shifting Towards Prosperity Without Growth (Tim Jackson) But, as economy expands, resources become unsustainable. In the last quarter of a century the global economy has doubled, but an estimated 60% of the world’s ecosystems have been degraded; and global carbon emissions have risen by 40% since 1990 (the Kyoto Protocol ‘base year’). Significant scarcity in key resources – such as oil – may be less than a decade away. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  17. 1. Shifting Towards Prosperity Without Growth (Tim Jackson) Suggestion: A two-fold change is needed to end growth: 1. Social changes and 2. Changes in our values © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  18. 2. Pushing For A "New Economics" • THE NEW ECONOMICS FOUNDATION • Founded in 1986 by the leaders of The Other Economic Summit (TOES) which forced issues such as international debt onto the agenda of the G7 and G8 summits. • An independent think-and-do tank that inspires and demonstrates real economic well-being. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  19. 2. Pushing For A "New Economics" • THE NEW ECONOMICS FOUNDATION • Aim to improve quality of life by promoting innovative solutions that challenge mainstream thinking on economic, environment and social issues • Work in partnership and put people and the planet first. • Combining rigorous analysis and policy debate with practical solutions on the ground, often run and designed with the help of local people. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  20. 2. Pushing For A "New Economics" • THE NEW ECONOMICS FOUNDATION • Create new ways of measuring progress towards increased well-being and environmental sustainability. • Works with all sections of society in the UK and internationally - civil society, government, individuals, businesses and academia - to create more understanding and strategies for change. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  21. 2. Pushing for a "new economics" • NEW ECONOMICS INSTITUTE • Working to make the new economics, one which supports people and planet, mainstream in the United States. • It is a partnership between the E. F. Schumacher Society, the predecessor of the Institute, and the New Economics Foundation. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  22. 2. Pushing For A "New Economics" • NEW ECONOMICS INSTITUTE • The US economic system is failing in its essential purpose: to provide fulfilling and healthy lives for all people while nurturing the social and natural systems on which the economic system depends. • The New Economics Institute is helping people imagine the kind of economy that is designed to enhance human well-being and ecological health. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  23. 2. Pushing for a "new economics" • NEW ECONOMICS INSTITUTE • To do this, it is forging a narrative and theory of such an economic system, showing how it is possible to get from here to there. • It is setting out a new language for economics, which describes the world more effectively, and – using a combination of cutting edge economics and innovative communications – it is explaining how this new economics is already emerging. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  24. 2. Pushing For A "New Economics" THE NEW ECONOMICS A BIGGER PICTUREby David Boyle and Andrew Simms Economics sometimes seems to be stacked against social, environmental and individual well-being. But it doesn't have to be like this. A new approach to economics - deriving as much from Ruskin and Schumacher as from Keynes or Smith - has begun to emerge. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  25. 2. Pushing For A "New Economics" THE NEW ECONOMICS A BIGGER PICTUREby David Boyle and Andrew Simms Skeptical about money as a measure of success, this new economics turns our assumptions about wealth and poverty upside down. It shows us that real wealth can be measured by increased well-being and environmental sustainability rather than just having and consuming more things. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  26. 2. Pushing For A "New Economics" THE NEW ECONOMICS A BIGGER PICTUREBy David Boyle And Andrew Simms This book is the first accessible and straightforward guide to the new economics. It describes the problems and bizarre contradictions in conventional economics as well as the principles of the emerging new economics, and it tells the real-world stories of how new economics is being successfully put into practice around the world. An essential guide to understanding new economics for all those who care about making economics work for people and planet. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  27. 3. Reviving Western Eurocentric Influence Via Bologna Process Eurocentric The Bologna Process (arising from the Magna Charta Universitatum) © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  28. THE BOLOGNA PROCESS • Began in 1999 in (Western) Europe by a handful of ministers. • (One of the) Objective: “Promotion of the European dimension in higher education in terms of curricular development and inter-institutional cooperation” [ie to expand the scope of the system both for themselves and for worldwide subscribers] • At least 46 countries have signed on to `internationalise’ the process. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  29. THE BOLOGNA PROCESS • What is wrong?: The Bologna Process aims to create European Higher Education Area (EHEA), encouraging mobility of staff and students with `European dimension’. • Note: `European’ here goes beyond the geographical boundaries per se, to encompass peoples, cultures, and belief, including the neo-Europeans such as America and Australia. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  30. THE BOLOGNA PROCESS • European dimension = • all initiatives, challenges, perspectives and assumptions will be based on a European, particularly West European, construct © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  31. THE BOLOGNA PROCESS • European dimension = • the personalities and icons are thoroughly European • Methods, experiences and the cases are basically Eurocentric • Lifestyles promoted, the articulation produced, the dimensions and the perspectives provided entirely represent European world-view © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  32. IF REMAINS UNCHANGED • THE DECEPTIVE ELEMENTS • Acknowledgement of Eurocentric theories and methodologies with Quranic and Sunnatic justifications • Modification of Eurocentric theories and methodologies to ensure avoidance of contradictions with the Shari`ah • Confusions between Operational vs Philosophical Underpinnings © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  33. THE PROBLEMSMy summary of S.M. Mohamed Idris 2012, “Foreword”, in Claude Alvares & Shad SaleemFaruqi, eds., Decolonising The University – The Emerging Quest for Non-Eurocentric Paradigms, Pulau Pinang: PenerbitUniversitiSains Malaysia, pp. xi-xv. • Continously serving the colonialist’ interests and continued to operate them without dismantling their philosophical and idelological underpinnings • Not only ensuring their dominant existence, but also strengtening their system, not ours © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  34. OUR OPTIONS • Continue to carry out the role of peddlers and parrots in our so-called “Islamic” endeavours, in our case, the growth of waqf • OR • 2. Create our own authentic new ones which are compatible with our religious compulsions, by pulling out the Eurocentric paradigm from its roots, however painful it may cause, so as to allow us to discover our authentic selves and become people who are truly liberated. © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  35. CREATIONS OF AUTHENTIC INDIGENOUS ISLAMIC PARADIGM 1. Redefining the growth and prosperity according to Islamic doctrines, within Islamic authentic paradigm 2. Identifying the principles of the waqf development that could holistically be the foundation for the waqf development: © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  36. CREATIONS OF AUTHENTIC INDIGENOUS ISLAMIC PARADIGM • The Mould – Islamic tasawur • The Actors – Servants & Vicegerent of Allah iii. The Time scale - Alam roh, this world and the Hereafter iv. The Framework - Fardhu 'ain: Tauhid (Aqidah), Fiqh (Syariah), Tasawuf (Akhlak) v. The Methodology - Ibadah vi. The Means -Natural resources vii. The Ultimate Aim- Mardhatillah © Muhammad SyukriSalleh 2011

  37. THANK YOU

  38. MEANING OF ECONOMIC GROWTH • Definition of 'Economic Growth' • An increase in the capacity of an economy to produce goods and services, compared from one period of time to another. Economic growth can be measured in nominal terms, which include inflation, or in real terms, which are adjusted for inflation. For comparing one country's economic growth to another, GDP or GNP per capita should be used as these take into account population differences between countries. Read more: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/economicgrowth.asp#ixzz1gU3G2kNQ

  39. MEANING OF ECONOMIC GROWTH Economic Growth = A positivechange in the level of production of goods and services by a country over a certain period of time. Nominalgrowth is defined as economic growth including inflation, while real growth is nominal growth minus inflation. Economic growth is usually brought about by technological innovation and positive external forces. http://www.investorwords.com/5540/economic_growth.html

  40. MEANING OF ECONOMIC GROWTH Economic Growth is one of the "5 Es of economics or one of the five ways for a society to reduce scarcity. Let's define Economic Growth as an increase in the ABILITY to produce goods and services. This is not the way the term is normally defined. Later this semester we'll discuss the various definitions of Economic Growth, but here we'll use this more fundamental definition: Economic Growth is an increase in the ABILITY to produce goods and services. This means we are ABLE to produce more, but it doesn't necessarily mean we do produce more. More on this later. http://www.harpercollege.edu/mhealy/eco212i/lectures/econgrow/econgrow.htm

  41. MEANING OF PROSPERITY a successful, flourishing, or thriving condition, especially in financial respects; good fortune. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/prosperity

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