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Understanding Homelessness in Education | Touolumne County Initiative

Accompanying families facing homelessness in education; facts, challenges, and solutions outlined to help every student succeed.

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Understanding Homelessness in Education | Touolumne County Initiative

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  1. Homeless Education and Every Student Succeeds ActTuolumne County Office of EducationPresented by:Coordinated Student Support DivisionCalifornia Department of Education

  2. Activity • Draw your family’s (mom, dad, and child) apartment with 2 bedrooms, 2 bathrooms, kitchen, and living room. • Who is living with you? • Your sister and her two kids • Your best friend, who works nights • How is it going?

  3. Homeless Facts and Figures • 1.6 million children are homeless, nationwide • 1.7 million youth run away each year • 51 percent of all children in homeless shelters are under the age of 6

  4. Homeless Facts and Figures (Cont.) • Over 40 percent of all homeless children are under the age of five. • California enrolled 284,022 homeless students in the 2013–14 school year. • A youth who experiences homelessness is 87 percent more likely to drop out of school.

  5. Barriers to Homeless Education • Enrollment requirements • High mobility • Lack of transportation • Lack of school supplies, clothing, etc. • Poor health, fatigue, hunger, and anxiety/trauma

  6. Barriers to Homeless Education (Cont.) • Lack of awareness • Prejudice and misunderstanding • For unaccompanied youth: • Lack of adult/guardian • Need for employment • Credit accrual policies • Concerns of capture by authorities

  7. Education for Homeless Children and Youth Act • Originally passed in 1987 • Reauthorized in 2015 with the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) • Amendments take effect October 1, 2016

  8. Education for Homeless Children and Youth Act (Cont.) • ESSA works hand-in-hand with Title I, Part A and other federal education programs

  9. Define Homelessness • Individuals who lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence: • A fixed residence is one that is stationary, permanent, and not subject to change.

  10. Define Homelessness (Cont.) • A regular residence is one that is used on a normal, standard, and consistent basis. • An adequate residence is one that is sufficient for meeting both the physical and psychological needs typically met in home environments.

  11. Define Homelessness (Cont.) • Sharing of housing due to economic hardship • Motels and/or hotels • Public or private place not designed for sleeping • Trailer parks • Campgrounds

  12. Define Homelessness (Cont.) • Cars, parks, and abandoned buildings • Emergency or transitional shelters • Substandard (which means falling short of a standard or norm)

  13. Define Homelessness (Cont.) • Unaccompanied youth • not in the physical custody of their parent or guardian • Migratory children who qualify as homeless • Abandoned in hospitals • Awaiting foster care - DELETE

  14. Research on School Mobility • It takes children an average of four to six months to recover academically after changing schools.

  15. Research on School Mobility (Cont.) • Students suffer psychologically, socially, and academically from mobility.

  16. Research on School Mobility (Cont.) • Mobility during high school greatly diminishes the likelihood of graduation.

  17. Homeless Liaisons • All local educational agencies (LEAs) must designate a liaison that is able to carry out their duties • A list of homeless liaisons can be found on at http://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/hs/cy/

  18. Homeless Liaisons (Cont.) • Homeless liaisons must: • Ensure that homeless children and youth are promptly identified through outreach and coordination • Ensure that access is provided and barriers to enrollment and retention are removed

  19. Homeless Liaisons (Cont.) • Disseminate public notice of educational rights in locations frequented by parents, guardians, and unaccompanied youth and in a manner they understand • Inform parents or guardians of educational opportunities

  20. Homeless Liaisons (Cont.) • Ensure that homeless families, children, and youth have access to and receive educational services including Head Start, early intervention (IDEA, Part C), and other preschool programs • Assist children and youth who do not have immunizations

  21. Homeless Liaisons (Cont.) • Coordinate and collaborate services for homeless children, youth, and their families • Collaborate with the state coordinator, community agencies, and school personnel, including special education

  22. Homeless Liaisons (Cont.) • Refer children, youths, parents or guardians to health care, mental health, dental, housing, substance abuse, and other services

  23. Homeless Liaisons (Cont.) • Assist with the mediation of the dispute resolution process • Unaccompanied homeless youth are enrolled in school and that procedures are implemented to identify and remove barriers that prevent them from receiving credit for full or partial coursework

  24. Homeless Liaisons (Cont.) • Must participate in professional development and technical assistance as determined appropriate by the State Coordinator • School personnel receive professional development and other support

  25. Homeless Liaisons (Cont.) • Are authorized to affirm that students meet the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) definition of homelessness, to quality them for HUD homeless assistance programs

  26. Immediate Enrollment • Homeless children and youth are to be immediately enrolled even if they do not have the normal paperwork for registration, even if: • Students have missed application or enrollment deadlines during any period of homelessness

  27. Immediate Enrollment (Cont.) • LEAs must develop, review, and revise policies to remove barriers to the identification, enrollment, and retention of homeless children and youth, including barriers due to outstanding fees, fines, or absences

  28. School of Origin • School attended when permanently housed or school in which last enrolled, including preschool, if it is in the best interest and parent, guardian, or unaccompanied youth requested • Feeder school pattern is now part of the definition

  29. Best Interest • Presume that keeping the student in school of origin is in their best interest • Consider student-centered factors including the impact of mobility on achievement, education, health, and safety

  30. Best Interest (Cont.) • Give priority to the parent’s and/or guardian’s request • Give priority to the youth’s request, in the case of an unaccompanied youth

  31. Reporting • Collected through the Student Program File (SPFG) in the California Longitudinal Pupil Achievement Data System (CALPADS) • Education Program Code 191 – Homeless Program

  32. Reporting (Cont.) • Homeless Dwellings • 100 Temporary Shelters • 110 Hotels/Motels • 120 Temporarily Doubled-Up • 130 Temporarily Unsheltered • Unaccompanied Youth Indicator • Runaway Indicator

  33. Reporting (Cont.) • Fall 1 Homeless Counts • Categorically eligible for free meals in the National School Lunch Program • Generates Local Control Funding Formula funding • Homeless students are counted in End-of-Year 2 Counts • Reports 5.4 and 5.5

  34. Dispute Resolution • If a dispute arises over eligibility, school selection, or enrollment, then the student shall be immediately enrolled in the school in which enrollment is sought, pending resolution of the dispute, including all available appeals

  35. Dispute Resolution (Cont.) • If the LEA determines that it is not in the student’s best interest, the LEA must provide written explanation of the reasons for its determination in a manner and form understandable to such parent, guardian, or unaccompanied youth including information regarding the right to appeal

  36. Transportation • LEAs must provide transportation to and from the school of origin, including until the end of the academic school year when the student obtains permanent housing, at the request of parent, guardian, or unaccompanied youth

  37. Board Policies • Develop and implement good local policies on: • Identification, enrollment, retention; • Barriers due to fees, fines, and absences; • Credit accrual;

  38. Board Policies (Cont.) • Full participation in academic and extra curricular activities; • Enrollment of unaccompanied youth; • School stability; • Transportation; • Privacy; • Inter-district collaboration

  39. Academic Access • LEAs must implement the SEA’s procedures to identify and remove barriers that prevent youth from receiving appropriate credit for full or partial coursework

  40. Higher Education Access • All homeless youth must be able to receive assistance from counselors to advise such youths and prepare and improve the readiness of such youths for college

  41. Coordination • LEAs must coordinate homeless education with special education within the LEA and with other LEAs involved • LEAs must work with charter schools on recruitment and enrollment practices to promote inclusion of all students, including eliminating any barriers

  42. Title I, Part A • Goes into effect 2017-18 school year • State report cards must disaggregate achievement and high school graduation data for homeless students

  43. Title I, Part A (Cont.) • Description of services provided for homeless students, including the reserved funds to support their enrollment, attendance, and success • Reservation funds must be based on the total LEA allocation prior to expenditures or transfers

  44. Title I, Part A (Cont.) • Amount may be determined based on a needs assessment and should involve the liaison • Funds may be used: • For homeless students attending any school in the LEA • For services not ordinarily provided to other students

  45. Title I, Part A (Cont.) • Provide transportation to and from the school of origin and to fund the liaison’s position

  46. Title I, Part A (Cont.) • Consolidated Application and Reporting System (CARS) • CARS Winter: Title I, Part A reservation amount and description • CARS Spring: Homeless Education Implementation page which includes liaison’s contact, training requirements, actual allocations spent, etc.

  47. California Legislation • January 1, 2014: • Senate Bill (SB) 177 • Assembly Bill (AB) 1068 • Assembly Bill (AB) 309 • Assembly Bill (AB) 652 • January 1, 2015: • Assembly Bill (AB) 1806

  48. California Legislation (Cont.) • January 1, 2016: • Senate Bill (SB) 445 • Senate Bill (SB) 252 • Assembly Bill (AB) 982 • Assembly Bill (AB) 1166 • Assembly Bill (AB) 379 • Assembly Bill (AB) 1228

  49. California Legislation (Cont.) • Assembly Bill (AB) 104 • Assembly Bill (AB) 1101 • January 1, 2017: • Senate Bill (SB) 1068 • Senate Bill (SB) 172

  50. Resources • The CDE Homeless Children and Youth Education Web page is located at http://www.cde.ca.gov/sp/hs/

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