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2: Opposition to Tsarism – Political Movements

2: Opposition to Tsarism – Political Movements. What is a movement?. While Ideas and Leaders shape and direct revolutions, it is Movements that typically begin and provide force needed to threaten revolution to an existing regime.

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2: Opposition to Tsarism – Political Movements

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  1. 2: Opposition to Tsarism –Political Movements

  2. What is a movement? • While Ideas and Leaders shape and direct revolutions, it is Movements that typically begin and provide force needed to threaten revolution to an existing regime. • Political movements – parties that range from single-minded determination, to disorganised and split by different ideological viewpoints. Eg: Bolsheviks • Military movements – fight battles to overthrow the government e.g. Red Army • Popular movements – often spontaneous with less defined groups of ordinary people that provide large ground force e.g. mass strikes.

  3. Marxist Revolutionary Parties

  4. Liberal Reforming Parties The liberalism movement which favoured reforms rather than revolutionary change produced two main parties, both formed during the 1905 Revolution

  5. Obstacles to revolution • Police repression – dispersed opponents and limited criticism • Division – Divisions weaken power • Cohesion – Too many revolutionary parties to convince they were the best • Isolation – hard to distribute propaganda • Concession – Reform diffuses tension and conflict; opposition softens and co-operation increases.

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