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Mongolia

Mongolia. Amarsanaa Gan Yadam graduate school of comprehensive human sciences tsukuba university September 1, 2010. Mongolia in brief Health indicators Social and health problems Lifestyle and health behaviors. Total area: 1 564.9 sq km . Population density: 1.57 people per km .

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Mongolia

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  1. Mongolia AmarsanaaGanYadamgraduate school of comprehensive human sciences tsukuba university September 1, 2010

  2. Mongolia in brief • Health indicators • Social and health problems • Lifestyle and health behaviors

  3. Total area: 1 564.9 sq km. • Population density: 1.57 people per km. • Total population: 2 735.8 thousand • Urban population: 1 713.3 thousand • Ulaanbaatar population: 1 112.3 thousand • Rural population: 1 022.5 thousand

  4. 48.9 % of total population is males and 51.1 % is females • 5.9 percent of total population aged above 60. • Life expectancy of female is 71.79 years and males 64.33 years. • Average family size: 3.8 persons • Literacy rate of adults aged 15 and above estimated at 97.6 % • Religion: Buddhism 50 %, Atheist 40%, Shamanist and Christian 6%, Muslim 4% • Continental climate with 4 seasons

  5. Mongolia's economy is centered on agriculture and mining. • Mongolia has rich mineral resources, and copper, coal, uranium, molybdenum, tin, tungsten, and gold account for a large part of industrial production. • Livestock: 40.0 million (horse, camel, cattle, sheep and goat) • GDP per capita in 2009 was 3200 USD (2009 est)

  6. Administration divisions: Mongolia is divided into 21 aimags (provinces), which are in turn divided into 329 sums (second level of administrative subdivision). The capital Ulaanbaatar is administrated separately as a city (municipality) with provincial status

  7. Health care system is characterized by three levels of care and service : • Primary care and services • Secondary care and services • Tertiary care and services By 2008, 15 specialized hospitals, 3 regional diagnostic and treatment centers,18 aimag general hospitals, 9 district general hospitals, 6 rural general hospitals, 35 inter–soum hospitals, 286 soum hospitals, 228 family group practices (FGP) and 1063 private clinics have been delivering health care services.

  8. As of 2009, Total of 38.7 thousand employees are engaged in health sector : • 7.1 thous were senior physicians • 1.1 thous were pharmacists • 15.8 thous were special specialists of hospital • 9.0 thous were nurses and • 14.7 thous were other employees There are 1.3 nurses and 379 persons per senior physicians and 300 people per nurse. The number of hospital bed: 17.7 thousand. Average length of stay in hospital 8.3 days.

  9. Leading five cases of death: • Diseases of circulatory system (21.7 in 10 000) • Neoplasms (11.9 in 10 000) • Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (8.7 in 10 000) • Digestive system diseases (4.8 in 10 000) • Respiratory system diseases (2.8 in 10 000) Deaths per 10 000 population by leading of type malignant neoplasms were lever (5.2%), stomach (1.8 %), lung, oesophagus (1.0%), cervix uteri (0.4)%

  10. Infant mortality rate has reached 19.4 in 2008 and 20.0 in 2009. (last 4 years, the birth rates have been increasing and the crude birth rate per 1000 population reached 25.5 % in 2009) • Total 66 cases of HIV have been reported • Incidences of TB (tuberculosis) are on the rice and most of the new cases are notified in the capital city of Ulaanbatar, also viral hepatitis, STIs, and dysentery are mostly registered by 2009

  11. Migration stream to Ulaanbaatar city has high, the population of Ulaanbaatar is rapidly increasing year by year. This considerable rise in urban population has put strains on social and health services. • The poverty headcount is 38.7 % and inequality of consumption is still high in national level

  12. The residents in outskirts of Ulaanbaatar city are belongs to Ger (national felt dwelling) districts, where people live in their Ger and small houses, which lack modern infrastructure services , such as piped water, central heating sanitation. • Unplanned growth of Ger district brings many challenges: unemployment, traffic congestion, air pollution and other environmental and social problems Ger district Center of the city

  13. Traffic jam in Ulaanbaatar city Outskirts of Ulaanbaatar

  14. Small country socially, people know each other well and there is strong family and friendly ties exists. • However the women are lag behind the terms of participation in economic and political life, and decision making process, they are active in daily life , and more educated than men. • Self medication is high

  15. Life style and culture (nomadic) is changing. • luck of movement and not many places to spend the free time • Community participation is not active. • Big gap between individuals, hospitals and government bodies.

  16. How to improve health outcomes through self empowerment?

  17. Thanks a lot for your attention

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