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The respiratory system

The respiratory system. Functions:. Gas exchange: CO 2 out and O 2 in Control of blood pH Sound/voice production Olfaction Protection for invading organisms. THE THORACIC CAVITY:. The Nose. The nose consists of the external nose and the internal nasal cavity

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The respiratory system

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  1. The respiratory system

  2. Functions: • Gas exchange: CO2 out and O2 in • Control of blood pH • Sound/voice production • Olfaction • Protection for invading organisms

  3. THE THORACIC CAVITY:

  4. The Nose • The nose consists of the external nose and the internal nasal cavity • The nostrils are called the nares.

  5. What happens in the nose? • Mucus traps microbes and debris • Cilia sweep the mucus to the esophagus to be digested • Air is also moistened and warmed

  6. The Pharynx • Common passageway for the digestive and respiratory systems • Contains the tonsils which help the body fight infection

  7. The Larynx • Site of the vocal cords • Laryngitis – inflammation of the vocal cords • The epiglottis ensures food is sent to the correct passageway by opening or closing.

  8. The Trachea • Long tube of smooth muscle and connective tissue • Cartilage rings provide protection and prevent collapse

  9. Bronchi • Two main branches that lead to each lung • Very sensitive to stimulation so tiny changes may trigger strong cough reflexes

  10. THE LUNGS The lungs are found within the pleural cavity that is inside the thoracic cavity.

  11. Pleural Fluid: A few mL of pleural fluid is always present in the pleural space. It is needed for the lungs to properly function. Too much fluid build up is called effusion.

  12. The Lungs • You have a left and a right lung • The functional units of the lungs where gas exchange happens are the alveoli. CO2 and O2 are exchanged by diffusion

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