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Chapter 11

Chapter 11. Gases & Pressure. Pressure. P = F/a (F is in Newtons, or 1 kgm/s^2) See sample problems on board Barometer- measures atmospheric pressure Manometer- closed or open See drawings on board See Barometer calculations and closed manometer calculations on board. Open manometers.

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Chapter 11

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  1. Chapter 11 Gases & Pressure

  2. Pressure • P = F/a (F is in Newtons, or 1 kgm/s^2) • See sample problems on board • Barometer- measures atmospheric pressure • Manometer- closed or open • See drawings on board • See Barometer calculations and closed manometer calculations on board

  3. Open manometers • Patm>Pgas, so Pgas = Patm – Hg • Patm<Pgas, so Pgas = Patm + Hg • See examples on board

  4. Conversions • 760 torr = • 760 mm Hg • 1.01325 X 10^5 Pa • 101325 kPa • 1 atm • See conversion problems on board

  5. STP • Not Stone Temple Pilots, but Standard Temperature and Pressure • 0 degrees Celsius and 1 atm

  6. Gas Laws • Dalton • Boyle • Charles • Gay-Lussac • Combined • Avogadro • Ideal • Non-ideal • Effusion

  7. Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure • Ptot = P1 + P2 + P3 + … • See examples on board

  8. Boyle’s Law • P1V1 = P2V2 • See graph on board • Give examples • See problems on board

  9. Charles’ Law • (K = C + 273) • V1/T1 = V2/T2 • See graph on board (extrapolation) • Give examples • See problems on board

  10. Gay-Lussac’s Law • P1/T1 = P2/T2 • See graph on board • Give examples • See problems on board

  11. Combined Gas Law • Put Boyle, Charles, and Gay-Lussac together • You get __________________. • See problems on board

  12. Avogadro’s Law • V1/n1 = V2/n2 • See graph on board • Give examples • See problems on board

  13. Ideal Gas Law • PV = nRT • R = constant, 0.0821 Latm/molK or 62.4 LmmHg/molK or 8.314 J/molK • See examples on board

  14. Non-ideal gas law • Gases not ideal, so have • (P + n^2aV^-2)(V-nb) = nRT • A and b are constants specific to the type of gas • See examples on board

  15. Effusion Law • How quickly can gas spread through hole? Depends on _________ and __________ • Effusion a/effusion b = (mb/ma)^1/2 • See problems on board

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