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Bacteria and Viruses

Bacteria and Viruses. What is a prokaryote?. Microscopic Usually ____________ celled Usually have a cell wall, but no membrane bound organelles. Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote Cells. Archaea Bacteria. “Ancient” bacteria Cell walls are chemically different than other bacteria

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Bacteria and Viruses

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  1. Bacteria and Viruses

  2. What is a prokaryote? • Microscopic • Usually ____________ celled • Usually have a cell wall, but no membrane bound organelles

  3. Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote Cells

  4. Archaea Bacteria • “Ancient” bacteria • Cell walls are chemically different than other bacteria • Found in extreme conditions ex. Yellow stone national park hot springs.

  5. Characteristics of Bacteria • Single celled • Can be producers, consumers, and decomposers. • Live everywhere ie. Ubiquitous

  6. Bacteria Shapes • Three Shapes 1. Rod- ___________ 2. _______ -coccus 3. Spiral- spirallus

  7. Reproduction • Binary fission- divides in half producing two ___________ “daughter cells”

  8. How do bacteria exchange DNA? • Three ways • Transformation – takes in DNA from the environment • Transduction- happens when a virus injects DNA into a bacterium • Conjugation- DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another when two bacteria are joined together

  9. Bacteria Structure and FunctionOverview • 1. Cytoplasm • 2. Chromosome • 3. Ribosome • 4. Cell Wall • 5. Gelatin Capsule • 6. Flagellum

  10. cytoplasm • Gelatin-like, flows inside cell • Contains everything cell needs to carry out life

  11. chromosome (genetic material) • Directs cell activities • Provides directions for all cell processes

  12. ribosome • Makes protein

  13. cell membrane • Controls what goes in and out of the cell • Separates cell from its environment

  14. cell wall • Supports and protects the cell

  15. gelatin like capsule • Protects cell • Allows bacteria to stick to surfaces • Prevents bacteria from drying out

  16. flagellum (plural: flagella) • Whip-like tail that helps cell to move

  17. Virus Basics • Virus are typically composed of a core of _____ or _______ surrounded by a ____________ • Can reproduce only by infecting _______________ • Controversial- living or nonliving

  18. Structure • ________ -protein coat includes proteins that enable viruses to enter the host cell • Bacteriophages- viruses that infect bacteria • ________ -viral DNA embedded into host’s DNA

  19. Virus Structure Cont

  20. Viral Infections

  21. Living or Dead

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