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Energy Sources

Energy Sources. Science with Mr. Nahm. Hydro power. Early source of power  water wheel The movement of water causes the water wheel to rotate along with the wheel’s axle. The spinning axle can power various different machines. Hydroelectric Power. Hydroelectric Power.

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Energy Sources

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  1. Energy Sources Science with Mr. Nahm

  2. Hydro power • Early source of power  water wheel • The movement of water causes the water wheel to rotate along with the wheel’s axle.

  3. The spinning axle can power various different machines.

  4. Hydroelectric Power

  5. Hydroelectric Power • A Dam is made in a river, creating a lake • Water flows through the dam to a turbine and out into a river again

  6. The Good • Can create electricity when you need it and scale back when you don’t • Doesn’t pollute the air • Creates large body of water which can also be used for farming

  7. The Bad • Destroys ecosystems • The dry land and its plants, and animals are all under water • The shallow water is replaced with a deep lake • Cannot be used all the time for water would run out • Requires large areas of land and lots of initial investment

  8. Nuclear Power

  9. Nuclear Power • Uranium is a radioactive material that is mined • The uranium produces heat and heats up water  water turns to steam  steam turns the turbine creating electricity

  10. Nuclear Reactor

  11. The Good • Produce electricity whenever you need it • Can produce very reliable energy • Relatively inexpensive electricity • Can build a power plant almost anywhere

  12. The Bad • Potential for disaster • Chernobyl • Fukushima • Mining destroys land and ecosystems • Disposal of radioactive wastes • Wastes last for over 100 years • Storage concerns – St. Louis St. Louis Post Dispatch NPR

  13. Solar Power

  14. Solar Power • The term “sol” means “sun” • Solar power is power from the sun. • Passive • Use sunlight to warm a room or building • Active • More advanced • Can create electricity

  15. Passive Solar Power • Have large windows on the southern side of a building to let the winter sunlight in.

  16. Passive Water Heaters • Uses solar energy to heat a home’s water

  17. Photovoltaic Cell (PV Cell) • Electricity-producing devices made of semiconductor materials. • Can produce electricity only during the day • Clouds, rain, snow, debris such as leaves can all block sunlight • Some placeslike Nevada get lotsof sun, Nevada gets 292 days of sunlight a year.

  18. Concentrating Solar Power • Energy from the sun is focused in small area to heat up liquid (normally oil) which in turn heats of water to produce steam which will turn a turbine to produce electricity.

  19. The Good • Solar Power doesn’t pollute • Solar Power can be installed in remote locations and can power a single house, or have power go into a grid. • Solar panels give you power during the day when demand for electricity is highest

  20. The Bad • Solar power will not work at night without batteries, which are expensive and require upkeep • Solar power will not work year round everywhere, like Alaska where they don’t get as much sunlight. • Solar power is expensive for how much electricity is initially produced.

  21. Biomass Energy

  22. Biomass Energy • Biomass from biological materials • Renewable energy source • Most commonly trees, crops, alcohol fuels, garbage, and landfill gasses.

  23. Biomass Energy • Can be done on small or large scale • (small) burning wood in a fireplace • (large) ethanol power plant • Is done to supplement gasoline • In missouri 10% ethanol blend • Potential problem – Ethanol burns hotter than gasoline

  24. Controversy • In 2012 40% of corn went to produce ethanol because of government mandate • Most goes to feed livestock • Less than 9% is used for human consumption either as corn or as corn syrup in food and drink

  25. Corn power vs. fossil fuels • You can keep growing corn, whereas however much oil is on Earth now is as much as there will ever be. • Corn can be turned into ethanol without destroying new ecosystems • Corn eases our dependence on foreign countries.

  26. Facts • It takes about 26.1 pounds of corn to create a gallon of ethanol • Ethanol costs about $1.74 a gallon • Burning firewood can be up to 10 times less expensive then oil • Burning firewood can be hazardous to your health

  27. The Good • Biomass is renewable • Biomass can get a second use out of scrap or waste materials • Biomass is readily available anywhere in the world

  28. The Bad • Biomass pollutes the air • Using biomass for fuel can cause prices of things like corn to go up. • Biomass can make pollute water

  29. Wind Energy

  30. Wind Energy • The Babylonians and Chinese were using wind power to pump water for irrigating crops 4,000 years ago, and sailing boats were around long before that. • Wind power was used in the Middle Ages, in Europe, to grind corn, which is where the term "windmill" comes from.

  31. Wind • Missouri has most of its wind farms in the northwestern corner of the state

  32. Wind Turbine

  33. Wind Farms • Wind turbines do require maintenance • Good paying job, must not be afraid of heights, small spaces, working with high voltage electricity

  34. The Future • Potential for gaining wind movement from alternative areas, such as by highways

  35. The Good • Wind is free, wind farms need no fuel. • Produces no waste or greenhouse gases. • The land beneath can usually still be used for farming.

  36. The Bad • The wind is not always predictable - some days have no wind. • Best areas for wind farms are often near the coast, where land is expensive. • Can kill birds - migrating flocks tend to like strong winds. Splat! (the American Bird Conservancy estimates that US wind turbines kill between 75,000 and 275,000 birds per year) • Noisy. A wind generator makes a constant, low, "swooshing" noise day and night, which can drive you nuts.

  37. Fossil Fuels

  38. Fossil Fuels Coal, Oil, and Natural Gas

  39. Fossil Fuels • Formed hundreds of millions of years ago. • Formed from plant materials in swamp lands, that were eventually covered by rocks and compressed for millions of years

  40. Coal • Coal is a black rock that must be mined, made up mostly of carbon. • Is moved by train, ship, or even pipeline • When moved by pipeline, is broken up and moved in water as a thick sludge, and then dried once it gets to its destination • Power’s most of St. Louis • Have 30 days of coal storedin case of an emergency

  41. Oil • Oil is drilled and pumped out of the ground • Largest reserves under the ocean, in the artic, and in the middle east • Includes gasoline • Necessary to make plastics & even some medicines

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