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Ballistic Helmet Standard

Ballistic Helmet Standard. Technologies for Critical Incident Preparedness Conference and Exposition. San Francisco, November 6-8, 2007. Motivation. new lightweight composite helmets have increased protection against penetration

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Ballistic Helmet Standard

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  1. Ballistic HelmetStandard Technologies for Critical Incident Preparedness Conference and Exposition San Francisco, November 6-8, 2007

  2. Motivation • new lightweight composite helmets have increased protection against penetration • non-penetrating impacts may results in large backface deformation • increase risk of serious skull/brain injuries ? • current test procedures address penetration resistance but lack injury risk evaluation for non-penetrating impacts TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  3. R&D Review TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  4. U.S Army NSC R&D Program • Research approach: • Identify injury mechanism • Determine physical response measurement • Develop injury function • Develop physical surrogate • Work conducted by Bass et al. (University of Virginia TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  5. Injury Model animal model cadaver model epidemiology Surrogate loads, acceleration, etc. Physical Response loads, acceleration, etc. Injury Function Transfer Function TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  6. Probability of injury Probability of injury Physical Response Injury Model Physical Response animal model cadaver model epidemiology Surrogate loads, acceleration, etc. Physical Response loads, acceleration, etc. Injury Function Transfer Function TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  7. Outcomes • Skull peak pressure is best correlated with injury • Injury function for non-penetrating ballistic impacts TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  8. NIJ Standard 0106.01 (1981) Penetration Resistance • Limited number of test samples required: • 2 helmets / test ammunition • 1st helmet tested at ambient conditions • 2nd helmet wet-conditioned (immersion 2-4hr) • 4 impact locations / helmet: • rear, front, left, right • Requirement for Level I, II-A and II only • No ballistic limit tests (V50) TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  9. NIJ Standard 0106.01 (1981) Transmitted Force • 1 helmet / test ammunition • tested at ambient conditions • 4 impact locations / helmet: • rear, front, left, right • Peak linear acceleration <400g • Correlation with injury unknown TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  10. clay Other Test Procedures • HPW-TP-0401.01B (1995) • Measure maximum deformation in clay • Correlation with injury unknown • STANAG 2920 • No requirement for non-penetrating impacts • ACH Specifications • Measure maximum deformation in clay • Correlation with injury unknown TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  11. Proposed Test Method • confirm penetration resistance with separate headform • implement an impact force measurement headform • based on injury model developed by Bass et al. (2003) using localized skull pressure • predict risk of skull fracture from dynamic force measurements • evaluate BABT protection performance of ballistic helmets TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  12. Penetration Headform TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  13. Impact Force Measurement Load Cell Module Pressure Sensitive Film TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  14. Parametric Study • Energy Absorbing (EA) Material • Standoff • Helmet Shell TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  15. Peak Force vs. Impact Speed TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  16. Energy Absorbing Liner TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  17. Outcomes • Current design & new lightweight helmets can have comparable BABT attenuation • standoff peak impact force • EA materials peak impact force (load distribution) TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

  18. Standards Activities • The Canadian Standards Association (CSA) has formed a new CSA Technical Committee to create a National Standard on ballistic helmets (CSA Z613). • The National Institute of Justice Ballistic Helmet standard is under revision. TCIP Conference and Exposition, November 6-8, 2007

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