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Internet Terms

Delving into the Internet and Networks. Internet Terms. In the beginning. ARPANET – set up for the military to have another network of communication Pre-cursor to the internet. HTML. Hyper Text Markup Language Displayed through a web browser Is being replaced by XHTML. XHTML.

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Internet Terms

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  1. Delving into the Internet and Networks Internet Terms

  2. In the beginning • ARPANET – set up for the military to have another network of communication • Pre-cursor to the internet

  3. HTML • Hyper Text Markup Language • Displayed through a web browser • Is being replaced by XHTML

  4. XHTML • Extensive Hyper Text Markup Language • More specific than HTML • Used to allow for XML • XML is used to create your own tags

  5. CSS • Cascading Style Sheet • Internal or linked • Control the appearance of elements in your web page. • Why cascading?

  6. JavaScript • Must activate in Internet Explorer • Used with forms for processing information • Used with CSS to animate elements

  7. Cookies • Text file • Saved on YOUR computer • Used to help keep setting at a website • Expiration Date

  8. Flash • Good for animations • Creates a .swf file • Can have anchors/links • Embedded into an HTML file • Text in Flash movies not searchable

  9. File Types • Files made up of a filename and a file extension separated by a period myreport.doc banner.jpg index.html file name file extension

  10. Webpage files • use the following extensions • .html • .htm • .php • .asp • .jsp

  11. Graphic Files • .jpg • .gif • .png • .tiff • .bmp • Compressed, basic graphics • Compressed, support transparency and animation • Compressed, more colors, alpha channel • Not compressed, must have application to view it • Not compressed, basic image, MS Paint’s default Use the following extensions File attributes

  12. Other files • .exe – executable files • .pdf – acrobat reader • .doc – word document • .css – cascading style sheet • .js – javascript file

  13. Multimedia Files • MPEG – Graphics and Sound • .avi – video • .mov – quicktime movie • .swf - flash movie

  14. Compression Files • Some graphic files are compressed: • jpg, gif, png • Other compressions • zip (archive)

  15. Protocols • What is a protocol? • Just a standard way to do something • Ex: US mail address follows a protocol • Persons Name • Street Address • City, State, and Zip Code • The internet uses certain protocols for transferring electronic data

  16. HTTP • Hyper Text Transfer Protocol • Transfer text, anchors, graphics and sound • Uses port 80

  17. TCP/IP • Used for sending and receiving packets via the internet • Each computer must have a separate and unique IP address • TCP is what the router uses to attach the IP address to packets being sent

  18. IP addresses • Uses Four 3 digit numbers separated by a period • can use the numbers 0 – 255 • ex: • 172.0.0.1 • 205.52.45.31

  19. DNS Server • resolves domain names to IP addresses • This is why you can type in google.com in the URL and find the site for Google’s search engine • What’s Google’s IP address?

  20. DHCP Server • This server will hand out an IP address to a network computer when it is booted up. • The IP can be changed with RELEASE or RENEW • Set up by your network administrator

  21. IPCONFIG • Let’s you see your computer’s IP settings • Let’s try it

  22. IP Classes • Class A • Used with large businesses and small countries • Subnet mask : 255.0.0.0 • Class B • Used with large businesses • Subnet mask: 255.255.0.0 • Class C • Used for small businesses and personal use • Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0

  23. FTP • File Transfer Protocol • Uses Port 21

  24. Email Protocols • SMTP – for out going mail • POP3 – for in coming mail • Formats include MIME and Bin Hex and UUEncode

  25. Access • Having rights to connect to a server or folders to FTP

  26. Anchor • Used for Hyper links • <a> </a> tags • Can include images, text, and image maps

  27. Domains • Common names of websites • Google.com • Yahoo.com • espn.com • murrayschools.org

  28. ISP • Internet Service Providers • Qwest DSL (Direct Sub Link) – Uses Ethernet • Comcast Cable – Uses Coaxial cable

  29. VPN • Virtual Private Network • a tunnel into an network from home

  30. Searches • Search engines • Google • Yahoo • MSN • use quotations to search for specific phases

  31. Email encoding • Uuencoding • Bin Hex • MIME

  32. Bandwidth • The amount of data that can be sent through a connection

  33. Safety - Firewall • Firewall set up to block programs from the internet from running on your computer

  34. Virus • – sent in email attachments. Propagates itself when opened.

  35. Worm • – does not have to be run or opened to propagate itself on a network

  36. Trojan • Trojan – You think your running one program, but it’s doing something behind the scenes

  37. Certificate Server • Sends an electronic “certificate” to a computer from the network to tell the computer it is a legitimate program to run

  38. SSL • Secure Sockets Layer • HTTPS • Encodes the information • Used with most online orders

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