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Spanish 1- final exam review chapters 7-10&16. Boot verbs: e-ie, e-i, o-ue,u-ue. Querer -to want. Empezar -to begin. Preferir-to prefer. Volver -to return. Devolver -to return (object). Dormir-to sleep. Jugar-to play. Decir-to say/tell. Perder-to lose. Comenzar-to begin/start.
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España,Alemania,Inglaterra,Frania.Portugal,Japón(root ends in l, n, s) • Español,españoles/española,españolas • Alemán,alemanes/alemana,alemanas • Francés,franceses/francesa,francesas • Japonés,japoneses/japonesa,japonesas • Inglés,ingleses/inglesa.inglesas • Portugués,portugueses/portuguesa,portuguesas
Cuba,méxico,colombia,italia(root ends in o) • Cubano,cubanos/cubana,cubanas • Mexicano,mexicanos/mexicana,mexicanas • Colombiano,colobianos/colombiana,colombianas • Italino,italianos/italiana,italianas
Canadá, Nicaragua(root ends in ense) • Canadiense/canadienses • Nicaraguense,nicaraguenses
Go verbs**ONLY in the YO form** • Venir-vengo – I come • Traer-traigo – I bring • Tener-tengo – I have • Hacer-hago – I make/do • Poner-pongo – I put • Decir (i) – digo – I say/tell
Present progressive-to express what is happening now*some form of estar +present participle • Examples • I am speaking now.- Yo estoy hablando ahora. • She is eating now.- Ella está comiendo ahora. • We are writing now.- Nosotros estamos escribiendo ahora. • Present Participle • AR-ando • ER+IR-iendo
To know • Saber-to know conocer-to know • 1.how to do something 1.a person • 2.facts or info 2.know/familiar with a subject
Demostravite adjectives: this &these have T’s that & those don’t • Masculine Feminine • Este-this esta-this • Estos-these estas-these • Ese-that esa-that • Esos-those esas-those • Aquel-that one(over there) aquella-that one(over there) • Aquellos-those(over there) aquellas-(those over there)
To be • Ser-to be Estar-to be • 1.permanent characteristic 1.location • 2.place of origin 2.temporary condition • 3.nationality 3.present progressive • 4.time
Direct object pronoun:the word that receives action of the verb. • Rules of placement • 1.before the conjugated verb-ie:Yo lo necesito.(I need it {a book}). • 2.connected to the infinitive-ie:Ella va a comprarlas.(She is going to buy them{erasers}).
Reflexive verbs+ pronouns: a verb in which you do something yourself*use article • 1.before the conjugated verb-ie: Yo me miro(I look at myself). • 2.connected to the end of the infinitive-ie: Nosotros necesitamos cepillarnos los dientes (we need to brush our teeth).