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Water in Emergencies

Water in Emergencies. Session 6 Meeting Immediate Needs. Immediate Water Priorities – Fast Onset Emergency. Save life Prevent dehydration Safeguard health Prevent risks to safety or dignity. Speed. Survival supply. Time to prepare alternatives.

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Water in Emergencies

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  1. Water in Emergencies Session 6 Meeting Immediate Needs W6

  2. Immediate Water Priorities – Fast Onset Emergency • Save life • Prevent dehydration • Safeguard health • Prevent risks to safety or dignity Speed Survival supply Time to prepare alternatives W6

  3. Immediate Responses – Fast Onset Emergencies • Tankering - from piped supplies • Package treatment kits • Temporary storage – bladders, tanks • Bottled water – flown in by helicopter in Kurdistan • Bucket chlorination at point of water collection • Distribution water containers W6

  4. Tankering & Filling Gantry Ethiopia S House / WEDC Ethiopia S House / WEDC W6

  5. Flatbed Truck, Bladders & Tapstand Supply to a reception site for refugees from Burundi All photos - Zaire S House / WEDC W6

  6. Packaged Treatment Kits – EMWAT Serving 3,000 – 4,000 people Ethiopia T Gossa / UNICEF Scandanavian Water Technology, leaflet W6

  7. Packaged Treatment Kits – Mecklow Aqupur • Doser does not require electricity to work • Can produce up to 1,000 litres / hour • Treatment unit = 1m x 1m x 1.5m • Weight is 250kg empty • Stores 670 litres of treated water www.meckow.com W6

  8. Packaged Kits OXFAM REDR Centrifugal pump & on-line doser W6

  9. OXFAM Tanks OXFAM W6

  10. OXFAM W6

  11. Emergency Container-Based Chlorination • 1% stock solution - injected directly into users containers at point of water collection • Chlorine tablets • Household bottles of water – e.g. WaterGuard • Packaged coagulant / disinfectant – e.g. PUR, WaterMaker W6

  12. Davies & Lambert (1995) Engineering in Emergencies, REDR & ITDG W6

  13. Chlorination – Important Points • Information for users – Why? How? Taste? • Training & on-going monitoring – check correct use • Care when agencies using different makes - different instructions and mix volumes • Check instructions – can vary even for same product • Turbidity & type of water affects use – test samples & residuals before distribution • Work closely with hygiene promotion staff - ensure effective communication with users, training, support W6

  14. Chlorination – Handout • Background • Safety • Bulk chlorination & making 1% solution • Container based chlorination • Floating pot chlorinators • Chlorination when – cold climates, pH>8, turbidity >5NTU Handout W4.5 W6

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