All About the Skeletal System: Functions, Structure, and Health Tips

1. What is the Strongest skeletal bone? Femur What is the Longest skeletal bone? What is the Weakest skeletal bone? Total Bones in Hands? 27 Total bones in Feet? How many total bones? How many total bones in the skull? How long can bones last?? Several weeks – 1,000’s of years

2. 5 Functions of the Skeletal System Your skeletal system has five main roles. • provides support • allows your body to move

3. Support and Protection • Your skeleton gives your body its basic shape and provides the support that you need. • _________ = Broad Shoulders vs. Narrow Hips • ___________ = Narrow shoulders vs. Wider Hips • Many bones of the skeletal system protect internal organs. __________do this offering of protection.

4. Movement In coordination with your muscular and nervous systems, your skeletal system allows you to move. Gross Motor Movement = Large (walking)

5. Storage and Production of Materials • Your bones store essential substances which are released when other parts of the body need them. • Some bones also produce blood cells. • Red blood cells carry oxygen. • Platelets _____________.

6. Cranium / Skull The Skeletal System 9 1) Sternum (breastbone) 10 1 2) Vertebral column (backbone) 11 12 12) Ribs 3) 2 13 13) Radius 4) 14 15 14) 5) 3 4 15) 6) 5 16 16) 7) Metatarsals 17 17) Patella 8) 18 19 18) Fibula 9) 10) 19) 6 7 11) Humerus 8

7. Core vs. Appendages • The center (_____, vertebrae, ______, rib cage) • Core: • Appendages • Core Temperature 98.6 / _____ / _________ • Cold and Wet vs. Cold and Dry

8. Development of Bones • Your bones are living structures • This process called ossification, minerals, such as calcium and ____________, are deposited within the cartilage, making it hard.

9. Structure of Bones • Bone consists of two different types of tissue—compact bone and spongy bone. • There are two types of marrow—red and yellow.

10. Joints • Joints allow for movement and protect bones from friction and force. • Bones are held together at joints by strong, fibrous bands called ligaments. • ________: A commonly torn ligament in the knee • ACL injuries can be fixed with ___________ • Surgery

11. Ball-and-Socket Joint A ball-and-socket joint allows movement in all directions. Your shoulders and hips are ball-and-socket joints. Gliding Joint Gliding joints allowmovement in many directions as the bones slide along each other. Your wrists and ankles contain gliding joints.

12. Keeping Healthy Eat well Exercise Avoiding Injuries

13. Eating Well • _____________ is a condition in which the bones become weak and break easily. • Other nutrients that are important for bone health include potassium, magnesium, and vitamins A, C, and D.

14. Osteocytes: Mature Bone Cells Osteoclasts: Cl_____ / remove dead or dying cells

15. Exercising • Another way to build strong bones and prevent osteoporosis is to get plenty of weight-bearing exercise. • Walking, Running, Sports…….Just being on your feet moving

16. Avoiding Bone Injuries • You can protect your bones from fractures. • Always wear a seat belt when traveling in a vehicle.

17. Avoiding Joint Injuries Proper warm-up and stretching exercises are important to help prevent joint injuries. an overstretched or torn ligament • Sprains the ends of the bones in a joint are forced out of their normal positions. • __________ • ____________ Serious damage to the cartilage between the bones in a joint is known as torn cartilage. • When an activity is performed too often or too strenuously, joints may become irritated and inflamed. • ________

18. Medical Checkups • A doctor can advise you on how to prevent serious injury or recommend other professionals who can help you. • Orthopedic • Physical Therapist • Trainer