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Adoption Near and Far: A Comparison of American, Romanian and Indian Domestic Adoptions

Adoption Near and Far: A Comparison of American, Romanian and Indian Domestic Adoptions. Victor Groza , Ph. D. Professor of Social Work Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences 11235 Bellflower Road Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio 44106 (216) 368‑6682.

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Adoption Near and Far: A Comparison of American, Romanian and Indian Domestic Adoptions

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  1. Adoption Near and Far: A Comparison of American, Romanian and Indian Domestic Adoptions Victor Groza , Ph. D. Professor of Social Work Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences11235 Bellflower RoadCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland, Ohio 44106(216) 368‑6682

  2. Key Learning Objectives: • To provide participants with the necessary background for understanding adoption practice in other countries • To learn about family and child policy and adoption policy and practice in Romania and India, contrasting their system with the American system • To understand the logistics and issues that emerge in conducting adoption research in other countries

  3. Year of Study by Country • United States, 1990-1994 • Romania, 1999 • India, 2001

  4. Methods—Issues to Consider • Sample • Clinic vs. Community • Random vs. Convenience • Comparison Group • Approach • Single method (quantitative or qualitative) vs. mixed methods • Surveys (In home, in office or via mail) • Observational approaches • Case Studies

  5. Measures—Issues to Consider • What we choose to measure should be informed by theory • We need to balance assessing problems with assessing strengths

  6. Measures—Instruments used in various countries

  7. Lessons Learned about Research • Involve parents in study design • Involve parents in reviewing results • Deconstruct major trends to look for nuances • Draw from multiple perspective including behavioral genetics, child development, psychology and social work

  8. Across countries—lessons learned about research • Research instruments should be viewed by families and pre-tested in country when possible/practical, particularly for cultural sensitivity/relevance. • Be prepared to make daily modifications in translations for the first week of conducting the study. • With good preparation, families are willing to accept researchers (and foreigners) in their home to talk about their adoptions. • Any researcher must collaborate with in-country adoption workers in deciphering results.

  9. The Child Welfare System Differences • Family vs. Institutional Care • Child-Centered vs. Family-Centered

  10. FAMILY CARE love affection structure 1:1 attention individual focus belonging to an extended system of relations stimulation through relationships INSTITUTIONAL CARE acceptance/tolerance distance routine 1:8-35 attention group focus belong/identify to the group stimulation thru programs COMPARISON OF FAMILY FOSTER CARE TO INSTITUTIONAL CARE

  11. Risks to Children from Early Institutionalization • Health • Development • Attachment • Psychosocial (Emotional and Behavioral) Functioning

  12. Other in Different Countries

  13. Selected Child and Family Demographics

  14. Parent-Child Relations

  15. Adoption Smoothness*

  16. Adoption Impact

  17. Behavior Problems

  18. Across countries—lessons learned about families • Families were more similar than they were different • Children had more similarities than differences • Families had few service needs that went unmet • The service system issues were different by country • Birth family issues were much more prominent a concern in Romania and India than with American families. • Family environment is powerful in shaping adoption outcomes and mitigating the risk children bring to families, but there is still so much to learn

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