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Orientation and taxes

Orientation and taxes. Orientation and taxes. phototaxis (light) geotaxis (gravity) chemotaxis - toward food, conspecifics, mates, offspring - away from predators, extract of human skin thigmotaxis - substrate – sculpins, gobies, anemone fish - conspecifics – sculpins

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Orientation and taxes

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  1. Orientation and taxes

  2. Orientation and taxes phototaxis (light) geotaxis (gravity) chemotaxis - toward food, conspecifics, mates, offspring - away from predators, extract of human skin thigmotaxis - substrate – sculpins, gobies, anemone fish - conspecifics – sculpins rheotaxis (current) electrotaxis, galvanotaxis magnetotaxis – tuna? kineses - lamprey larvae

  3. Orientation and taxes phototaxis (light) geotaxis (gravity) chemotaxis - toward food, conspecifics, mates, offspring - away from predators, extract of human skin thigmotaxis - substrate – sculpins, gobies, anemone fish - conspecifics – sculpins rheotaxis (current) electrotaxis, galvanotaxis magnetotaxis – tuna? kineses - lamprey larvae

  4. Migration "directed mass movements from one place to another on a regular basis" I. Function feeding (daily; vertical or horizontal) breeding (seasonal; vertical or horizontal) wintering (seasonal; vertical or horiz.) - adjustment to temp. Why migrate? Habitats for different life history periods vary liabilities benefits

  5. Migration "directed mass movements from one place to another on a regular basis" I. Function feeding (daily; vertical or horizontal) breeding (seasonal; vertical or horizontal) wintering (seasonal; vertical or horiz.) - adjustment to temp. Why migrate? Habitats for different life history periods vary liabilities benefits “(migration) occurs when the gain in fitness from using a second habitat minus the migration costs of moving between habitats exceeds the fitness from staying in only one habitat.” (Gross 1987)

  6. GLATOS – Great Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System

  7. Migration II. Timing daily (usually feeding) seasonal/annual (wintering and reproduction) lifetime - ontogenetic (e.g. salmon, lamprey) adult feeding area spawning area nursery area

  8. Migration III. Environment diadromy: ocean fresh anadromy ocean fresh (to breed) catadromy fresh ocean (to breed) obligate (eel) facultative (sculpin) amphidromy fresh ocean or ocean fresh …but not for breeding (life cycle) potamodromy fresh fresh oceanodromy ocean ocean

  9. Migration III. Environment “The contrasting directions of migration can largely be explained by the relative availability of food resources in ocean and freshwater habitats." Gross et al. (1988) ___________________________________________________ relative level geographic predominating of productivity location migratory mode oceans > freshwaters temperate anadromy latitudes freshwaters > oceans tropical catadromy latitudes

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