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Understand the functions of bones and joints, learn about common skeletal problems, and explore how muscles work in the body. Discover the importance of bone marrow and differentiate between types of muscles. Find out how muscle movements are controlled and how to prevent muscular injuries.
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Review What is the difference between a bone and a joint? What are the four functions of the skeletal system? Explain how a ball-and-socket joint works. Name and explain one common skeletal or joint problem.
Review Why is bone marrow important? What is the longest bone in your body? What is the shortest bone in your body? What do ligaments do?
The Muscular System Do you have a dictionary? Because these muscles are DEFINED.
Vocabulary Muscle Muscular system Smooth muscle Cardiac muscle Skeletal muscle Tendons
Your Muscles -The muscles that moves your body make up your muscular system. -Any tissue that is made of cells or fibers that contract and expand to cause movement is called muscle. -Your body has three types of muscle: smooth, cardiac, and skeletal.
Types of Muscles Smooth Muscle - makes up many of your internal organs, including your stomach and intestines. Smooth muscle contractions move materials such as food through internal organs.
Types of Muscles Cardiac Muscle - the muscle found in the heart. When cardiac muscle contracts, blood is pushed through the body.
Types of Muscles Skeletal Muscle - muscle that is attached to bones. The muscles and bones are connected by tendons. When skeletal muscles contract, they pull on the bones they are attached to. This pulling causes your body to move. When skeletal muscles contract, they release energy, which helps maintain body temperature.
How Muscles Make You Move -Many different skeletal muscles must work together to make your body move. Movement of a body part is the result of muscles pulling on the bones that form a joint. -When a muscle contracts, the ends of the muscle are pulled toward the center of the muscle. -Each end of the muscle is attached to a different bone. Therefore, as the muscle gets shorter, it pulls the two bones closer together.
How Muscles Make You Move -When muscles contract, they can only pull the bones, not push them. To bend, or flex, the arm at the elbow, the biceps muscle contracts. When the biceps contracts, it pulls the bones of the forearm toward the shoulder.
How Muscles Make You Move -The biceps can only bend the arm; it cannot straighten the arm. To straighten, or extend, the arm, the triceps muscle has to contract. The triceps is on the back of your arm. When the triceps contracts, it pulls the bones of the forearm away from the biceps. The movement straightens the arm. See it in motion here
Common Muscular Problems -Muscles do most of the work of the body. -Because they are used so much, muscles can become tired and sore. They can also be strained and torn. -To prevent muscle injuries, you should warm up, cool down, and stretch when exercising.
