International Network for Environmental Compliance and Enforcement

1. International Network for Environmental Compliance and Enforcement ECENA 1st Plenary Meeting Januari 19-20, 2006 Zagreb Henk Ruessink (i.c.w. INECE Secretariat) Environmental Law, Good Governance, Sustainable Development: Opportunities and Perspectives http://www.inece.org

2. The Need for Enforcement Since 1972, both multilateral environmental agreements and national environmental laws & agencies have increased. But environmental quality continues to decrease. Growing consensus that weak compliance & enforcement is a key reason. Agenda 21 established an international mandate to build enforcement capacity as an essential element of environmental management. http://www.inece.org

3. Closing the Gap: Transgovernmental Networks INECE is such a network. Solves “trilemma”: • need more global rules, • without centralized power, • but with political accountability. http://www.inece.org

4. About INECE http://www.inece.org

5. What is INECE? • Global network of environmental compliance & enforcement practitioners • More than 4,000 from more than 120 countries • Government officials, international governmental organizations, & non-governmental organizations • Key partners • Netherlands, United States, Environment Agency, European Commission, Brazil, Canada, other national governments • World Bank, UNEP, OECD http://www.inece.org

6. What is a Transgovernmental Network? • Form of cooperation involving government officials (and sometimes NGOs) • Operates informally (without a formal treaty or institution) • Allows officials to interact with, cooperate with, and learn from their peers in other countries http://www.inece.org

7. INECE Strategic Work Program • Raising Awareness • Issue Analysis (e.g., White-papers) • Publications (e.g., Making Law Work) & message promotion • Capacity Building • Principles of Enforcement and Other Courses • International and Regional Conferences • Performance Measurement: INECE ECE Indicators • Enforcement Cooperation • Emissions Trading, Hazardous Wastes, Illegal Logging, Water Resources Management, Ozone Depleting Substances • Regional and Topic-Specific Networks • e.g., Maghreb (Nothern Africa), AECEN (Asia) • e.g., prosecutors, judges http://www.inece.org

8. Scientists Parliamentarians Regulators Prosecutors Judges Civil Society Industry Academics Media Intergovernmental Organizations International Financial Institutions Capital Markets Multiple Players http://www.inece.org

9. http://www.inece.org

10. Beginnings • 1985 – MOU between US EPA and Dutch VROM to cooperate on environmental enforcement • 1989 – Ongoing bilateral exchange between US EPA and Dutch VROM • 1990 - The first International Enforcement Workshop held in Utrecht, The Netherlands • Subsequent Conferences in Budapest, Oaxaca, Chiang Mai, Monterey, San Jose, and Marrakech http://www.inece.org

11. 7th INECE Conference • Marrakech, 9-15 April 2005 • Approx. 200 participants, from 63 countries / 124 organizations • 6 plenaries; 25 workshops • Reports at www.inece.org/conference/7/ http://www.inece.org

12. Key Marrakech Conference Outcomes • Promoted role of compliance and enforcement in achieving sustainable development • Developed “Marrakech Statement” and Call to Action • Initiated process for launching an enforcement network for the Maghreb region • Generated significant list of “ideas for action” http://www.inece.org

13. Key Marrakech Conference Outcomes • Agreed to develop a wildlife enforcement and compliance network • Agreed to enhance the capacity of parliamentarians • Launched initiative to collect and record “Stories of Success” • Developed new strategic partnerships http://www.inece.org

14. Environmental Compliance & Enforcement Indicators • Measure and manage program performance and effectiveness • INECE Performance Measurement Guidance • Developing training program for identification, design, and use of these Indicators • Pilot projects around the world • INECE/UNEP indicators for implementation of multilateral environmental agreements http://www.inece.org

15. Water Governance Course • Water governance refers to the systems in place to regulate the development and management of water resources and provision of water services • Three modules in Course: • writing enforceable legal requirements • ensuring compliance and enforcement • performance measurement • Case study and class exercises focusing on pollution of rivers http://www.inece.org

16. Judicial Remedies • Global and Regional Judges Symposia • Capacity building • Training • Comparative Judicial Remedies Project • Comparative data on penalty policies • “Penalty calculator” tool built on the best practices of judges and regulators from around the world. http://www.inece.org

17. Enforcement Cooperation Projects • Logging and Wildlife • Wildlife Enforcement Network to promote NGO and government cooperation • “Green Customs” and “Ecomessage” • Technical assistance, (inter)national contacts, information exchange, and technical support • Hazardous Waste at Ports • Coordinating efforts to curtail “port shopping” http://www.inece.org

18. Chapters include: • Compliance Theories • MEAs in Action • Domestic Strategies • Courts, Tribunals, & Liability • Information Regulation • Compliance Assistance • Regulators’ Choice of Strategies • Indicators • Transgovernmental Networks • Compliance & Competitiveness http://www.inece.org

19. INECE Web Site http://www.inece.org

20. Starting a Maghreb Network(Morocco, Algeria, Tunesia, Lybia and Mauretania) http://www.inece.org

21. What Can Networks Do? • By working directly peer-to-peer, networks can: • flexibly and quickly disseminate information • enhance enforcement cooperation • harmonize laws and regulations • address common problems from shared perspective shaped by experience and expertise • Build capacity of enforcement officers http://www.inece.org

22. INECE IMPEL (EU) AECEN (Asia) CEC (N. America) REPIN (EECCA) ECENA (Balkans) Green Customs Existing ECE Networks http://www.inece.org

23. Basic things for Networks • Identify geographic scope and key participants • Establish clear mission, multi-year work plan with clear focus, and strategies for linking to existing enforcement networks • Identify coordinator and chair of network • Develop strategic plan with goals, priority projects, activities, timeframes, personnel, partners, budget, metrics, and other strategies (e.g., communications, web) • Develop sustainable funding strategy http://www.inece.org

24. What Could a Maghreb Network Do? • ECE Indicators project • Enforcement cooperation on waste in ports • Peer review enforcement systems to assess capacity building needs • Trainings (e.g., Principles of Enforcement; water governance) • Share knowledge and build contacts among regulators, enforcers, inspectors, etc. http://www.inece.org

25. Conclusion Successful networks: • Respond to an identified need • Adhere to a Strategic Plan • Empower participants • Stay focused but remain responsive to new needs • Leverage potential of networking http://www.inece.org

26. Contact Information Durwood Zaelke Director of Secretariat Geneva & Washington, DC Email: zaelke@inece.org Web: www.inece.org http://www.inece.org