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MIS 2000 Bob Travica. Class 5 More on Data Analysis Updated Sep. 2014. Outline Analyzing data in different business domains Differentiating entities and attributes Analyzing associations between entities Exercise. Supplier SupplierID SName SAddress. Procurement/Supplies.
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MIS 2000 Bob Travica Class 5 More on Data Analysis Updated Sep. 2014
Outline • Analyzing data in different business domains • Differentiating entities and attributes • Analyzing associations between entities • Exercise
Supplier SupplierID SName SAddress Procurement/Supplies PurchasedItem PurchasedItemID PName ListPrice Specifications PODetail PONum PurchasedItemIDQuantity Discount Business starts on the supply side. Companies procure (get) inputs they need for producing goods or services. Manufacturing companies purchase raw materials and half-products to produce a final product (good). In a bank, lenders supply financial resources that the banks uses for offering financial services for bank clients. In manufacturing, purchased itemand Purchasing Order are key entities and tables in a schema. Product is ordered from a supplier via a purchasing order (PO) – a business document. The entire process is usually supported by Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) and Management Information Systems (MIS). Purchasing Order PONum PODate SupplierID Figure 1. Schema for purchasing process
Production Schedule ScheduleNum TaskID WorkerID Date Shift Worker WorkerID Wname Department Position Specialty Task TaskID TName Description Time A company's supplies are transformed via production processes. Production includes several processes, one being scheduling. Scheduling must be done in any company (manufacturing, services). For scheduling process, the key entity is Schedule. A schema of scheduling needs to track at least the tasks to be completed and the workers. TPS support the production scheduling process. Figure 2. Schema for production scheduling process
Human Resources (HR ) HR is a broad area. This schema covers just a part of the pay process. The key entities are Salary and Wage. Salary is fixed, wage is variable. Note multiple FKs in Salary and in Wage. Attributes Amount are calculated from rates and hours. Salary . SalaryID EmployeeID PayRate Amount(calc) PeriodID Employee_ EmployeeID Ename Department Position Specialty DateHired WorkHours_ PeriodID HoursRegular HoursOvertime Wage . WageID EmployeeID RateRegular RateOvertime Amount(calc) PeriodID Figure 3. Schema for the pay process Figure 3. Schema for Pay Process.
Accounting Accounting tracks monetary value of all tangible things on the inflow (revenue) and outflow (cost) side. These two objects translate into revenue and cost entities or accounts (there can be many of each). Account is the key entity. There are many types of account—receivables (revenues) vs. payables (costs). A receivable account can be Budget, Sale or other based the sources; etc. OperatingCost OpAccountID Account Receivable ARAccountID ARName Organization… Account Payable APAccountID APName Organization… Purchase PuAccountID Budget BAccountID Sale SAccountID Interest IAccountID Pay PaAccountID is is Figure 4a. Schema (partial) for income accounting Figure 4b. Schema (partial) for expense accounting More
Marketing Marketing processes create and manage markets. To understand markets, companies segment markets based on planned amounts of customer purchases (low, high…). CustomerSpend is the key entity/table. Attribute SpendAmount shows the purchase total per customer in a period of time. This analysis can show to which market segment each customer belongs, etc. IS for market segmentation belong to Decision Support Systems. Figure 6. Schema (partial) for market segmentation
Library Do not get scared! This is how a more fully developed schema looks like. Focus on key tables and their relationships. • To be added: • PKs • PK-FK links names • Try it! is
CatalogSearch SearchNumber CustomerID Date Terms Searched E-commerce Customer CustomerIDCustomerType Name Address Email Online Store PageVisit PageID CustomerID Date Web Pages Visited Screen Items Clicked ComparableCustomer CustomerID MatchedCustomerID Figure 7. Data diagram for online customer profiling (marketing) Online customer operates invisible in a “cyber space.” However, note new entities not applicable to classical store.
