Bob Hughes-FTSCPAC Mark LaPrevotte-FTSCLANT

1. Cleaning Oxygen and Diver’s Breathing Air Instruments Eliminating Ozone Depleting Solvents • Bob Hughes-FTSCPAC • Mark LaPrevotte-FTSCLANT

2. Background Navy OICR’s clean oxygen Instrumentation with CFC-113 solvent and verify cleanliness with Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy CFC-113 solvent is an Ozone Depleting Solvent that stopped manufacture in 1996 IAW the Montreal Protocol CFC-113 is stockpiled in the DoD Mission Critical Reserve

3. Stockpile Initially sized for 2 years to “buy time” until alternative in place Sizable stockpile remains due to late purchase, conservation, and use of replacement solvents for other applications Some estimates indicate it could last at least 10 years

4. Stockpile The life span may be reduced to 4 to 5 years based on: USAF may replace HCFC-141b in spray cans with CFC-113 due to near-term future use restrictions (2000 gallons annually) One LOX producer has required partial flushing in the last 4 years. A complete flush uses 1500 gallons Resources to maintain stockpile indefinitely have not been programmed Quality problems

5. Stockpile Policy Supply CFC-113 until it is depleted, at which time approved alternative replacement solvents will be substituted

6. HFE-7100 Replacement oxygen instrument cleaning solvent for CFC-113 No ozone-depleting potential Toxicity similar to CFC-113 No compatibility problems Can be used with existing cleaning and atmosphere monitoring equipment Quality product available per A-A-59105

7. HFE-7100 Cleaning Performance - Dissolving and Displacement Marginal hydrocarbon solvency Excellent fluorocarbon solvency Excellent removal by displacement due to low surface tension and high density NASA testing showed for instrument cleaning, HFE-7100 removed 92% of soil and CFC-113 removed 97%

8. Cleanliness Verification - IR IR analysis is usable ONLY with solvents that are transparent in the C-H Stretch Region All approved replacement solvents (HCFC-141b, HCFC-225, and HFE-7100) are not verifiable with IR Unlikely that other candidate solvents will be verifiable with IR

9. Industry standard is Non-Volatile Residue (NVR) by Evaporative Gravimetrics NVR usable with any solvent NVR requires 75 to 100 ml sample Takes 2 hours per analysis Must be performed in a Chemistry Laboratory Cleanliness Verification - NVR

10. Optically Stimulated Electron Emission (OSEE) is newly developed alternative analysis technique OSEE usable with any solvent 1.5 ml sample taken as gage is cleaned Performed on-site in OICR in about 20 minutes Replaces NVR and implemented at NASA Cleanliness Verification - OSEE

11. OSEE Synopsis An instrument shines an ultraviolet light on a surface and measures the electrons emitted from the surface. As the surface is more soiled, it will emit less light (electrons).

12. OSEE Synopsis (Cont’d) An evaporating dish is hand cleaned with detergent. This dish holds the solvent. After the solvent evaporates, it leaves residue behind. This residue is compared to the residue remaining from a 5 ppm standard to determine if it is above or below 5 ppm.

13. Equipment The equipment easily fits into OICR

14. On-Site Testing (Past and Proposed) Testing has been accomplished at PSNS and NASA for the last 2 years Perform additional on-site testing at minimum of two facilities (other than PSNS), one under FTSCPAC and the other under FTSCLANT, for one year Clean with CFC-113 and analyze with IR and OSEE Closely monitor testing and get input

15. Equipment will be provided to activities that request the equipment and agree to use the equipment (limited quantities) Operation of equipment will be verified and sampling line will be oxygen cleaned Equipment will be assembled into a kit and shipped (limited quantities) Training will be provided by Bangor, WA when established Bangor, WA will provide 5 ppm standards Implementation

16. Implementation Facilities can clean with CFC-113 and analyze using both IR and OSEE to gain confidence and familiarity with OSEE Once comfortable with OSEE, it is the option of the facility to use CFC-113 with IR and/or OSEE or HFE-7100 with OSEE until stockpile depleted

17. A new manual for Instrument and Gage Cleaning for MIL-STD-1330 (-) Applications will be generated Currently usable by NAVSEA Facilities, Vendors, and Foreign Military When will this happen?

18. Why do we need to do this? The stockpile is not programmed to last “forever” A change of events could deplete it rapidly IR can not be used for new oxygen cleaning solvents It aligns the Navy with Industry (currently we use IR and industry uses NVR)

19. Why do we need to do this? The Navy has been directed to eliminate the use of Ozone Depleting Solvents Implementing an alternative starting now and over a period of 5 years will ease the transition It is inevitable

20. Diver’s Breathing Air Instruments MIL-STD-1622(B): Appendix C added to address diver’s air breathing instruments. Status: At NAVSEA for approval UIPI 5510-905(-): New UIPI for cleaning diver’s air breathing systems, including instruments. Status: Has been issued

21. Calibration Only-No Cleaning Installed Instrument Used exclusively in Diver’s breathing air or cleaner application New or previously cleaned and not installed Sticker or tag indicating cleaned per MIL-STD-1622 or equal Properly packaged Internals pass visual inspection If any of these not met, cleaning is required

22. Cleaning and Calibration Pre-cleaning and final cleaning Inspection of internals reveals other than particulate Final cleaning only (pre-cleaning not required) Inspection of internals reveals only particulate

23. Pre-cleaning Apply pre-cleaner (HFE-71DE or CFC-113) using any method such as a syringe Rotate instrument to wet internals Repeat until 10 ml is obtained Visually inspect effluent Repeat until passes visual inspection Cleaning Procedures

24. Final Cleaning Option 1: Repeat precleaning except use final cleaner (HFE-7100 or CFC-113) Perform final cleaning once for instruments that hold less than 10 ml and twice for instruments that hold more than 10 ml Cleaning Procedures

25. Final Cleaning Option 2: Final clean per NAVSEA ST700-AM-GYD-010/OICR except use dedicated equipment Analysis for organic cleanliness verification (hydrocarbons) is not required Cleaning Procedures

26. NEW TECHNOLOGY

27.  Fast  Rugged  Automated  Small Sample Size NanoScale 9100

28.  Run more samples in less time  Easy to run verification samples  Average run time is 5 to 7 minutes FAST

29.  No vibration isolation required  Office type environment acceptable  Easily transported RUGGED

30.  Reduces human error  Can be integrated with other tasks  Highly skilled operators not required Automated

31.  Greatly reduces emissions  Reduces cost of analysis  Greatly reduces depletion of a bath in a production QC application SMALL SAMPLE SIZE

32.  Log sample information  Acquire sample  Inject sample  Record results  Clean to prepare for next sample SIMPLE TO OPERATE

33. Log Sample Information

34. Acquire Sample

35. Acquire Sample

36. Acquire Sample

37. Acquire Sample

38. Acquire Sample

39.  Fast, rugged, automated, small sample size  Simple to operate  Unique Flexural Plate Wave (FPW) gravimetric sensor  Nanogram sensitivity SUMMARY

40.  Direct readout in mass or concentration  Reduces total laboratory emissions  NVR measurement in as little as 5 minutes  Variety of applications SUMMARY (Con’t)

41.  Company incorporating recommended improvements  Technology “new” in industry less than one year  NASA doing evaluation  Possible Navy evaluation CURRENT STATUS