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ENVE 201 Environmental Engineering Chemistry 1

ENVE 201 Environmental Engineering Chemistry 1 . Fluoride Dr. Aslıhan Kerç. Fluoride. Removal of fluoride Addition of fluoride to optimum levels SIGNIFICANCE OF HIGH F - Cause mottled enamel (dental fluorisis)>2.0 mg/L If value < 1- 1.5 mg/L  no problem.

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ENVE 201 Environmental Engineering Chemistry 1

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  1. ENVE 201EnvironmentalEngineeringChemistry 1 Fluoride Dr. Aslıhan Kerç

  2. Fluoride • Removal of fluoride • Addition of fluoride to optimum levels SIGNIFICANCE OF HIGH F- • Cause mottled enamel (dental fluorisis)>2.0 mg/L • If value < 1- 1.5 mg/L  no problem

  3. Excessive dosage of fluoride result in bone fluorisis > 5 mg/L • Removal of fluoride  passing water through defluoridation media such as tricalcium phosphate, bone char, bone meal, activated alumina

  4. LOW FLUORIDE • If F decreases , the dental caries increases. • 1 mg/L F- desirable for optimal dental health.

  5. Chemistry of Fluorine • F2 Among most active elements known Forms simple Fluoride compounds and complex ions.

  6. Fluoride added to public water supplies in the form of ; • NaF • CaF2 • HF • Na2SiF6 (sodium silicofluoride) • H2SiF6 (hydrofluosilisic acid) • (NH4)2SiF6 (ammonium silico fluoride)

  7. Methods of Determination • Electrode Method • Colorimetric Procedures • Ion Chromotography • ISE ( Ion Selective Electrode)

  8. USEPA MCL for Fluoride  4mg/L To protect against crippling skeletal fluorisis • Secondary MCL (not enforcable) 2 mg/L To protect against dental fluorisis

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