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CULTURE

CULTURE. VAGUE AND SPECIFIC. HUMANS ARE NOT CONTROLLED BY NATURAL INSTINCTS HOW GROUPS OF PEOPLE DEAL WITH ENVIRONMENT = CULTURE INCLUDE BELIEFS, VALUES, AND BEHAVIORS NOT THE SAME AS SOCIETY SOCIETY CONSISTS OF PEOPLE – CULTURE CONSISTS OF PRODUCTS THAT PEOPLE MAKE.

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CULTURE

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  1. CULTURE VAGUE AND SPECIFIC

  2. HUMANS ARE NOT CONTROLLED BY NATURAL INSTINCTS • HOW GROUPS OF PEOPLE DEAL WITH ENVIRONMENT = CULTURE • INCLUDE BELIEFS, VALUES, AND BEHAVIORS • NOT THE SAME AS SOCIETY • SOCIETY CONSISTS OF PEOPLE – CULTURE CONSISTS OF PRODUCTS THAT PEOPLE MAKE Culture – shared products of human goods

  3. MATERIAL CULTURE – PHYSICAL OBJECTS

  4. NONMATERIAL CULTURE – ABSTRACT HUMAN CREATIONS

  5. CERTAIN ASPECTS OF CULTURE ARE BASIC AMONG SOCIETIES THESE BROAD CATEGORIES INCLUDE: TECHNOLOGYSYMBOLS LANGUAGE VALUES NORMS Components of culture

  6. ANY TOOL CREATED FOR A SPECIALIZED PURPOSE • FROM THE WHEEL TO A WALKING STICK TO A COMPUTER • ALSO INCLUDES THE SKILLS ON HOW TO USE AND UNDERSTAND THE TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY – TOOLS AND THE KNOWLEDGE AND RULES TO USE THEM

  7. SYMBOLS- ANYTHING THAT REPRESENTS SOMETHING ELSE UPSIDE/DOWN FLAG = DISTRESS TAKEN FROM SEMAPHORE - ND REBIRTH AND DESTRUCTION

  8. A VERBAL FORM OF COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION SEEMS TO BE UNIVERSAL, BUT NOT NECESSARILY LANGUAGE Language – written and spoken symbols in a standardized system

  9. WHAT USED TO BE OKAY WHAT IS OKAY TODAY MONOGAMY PUBLIC STATE RUN ARMIES AGE OF CONSENT AND INTERNATIONAL TREATIES ONLY LEGAL IN SOME AREAS INTERRACIAL MARRIAGE • POLYGAMY • PRIVATE MERCENARIES • CHILD SOLDIERS AND BRIDES • PROSTITUTION • PUBLIC EXECUTION AND CORPORAL PUNISHMENT VALUES – SHARED BELIEFS ABOUT WHAT IS RIGHT AND WRONG

  10. CREATED BY GROUPS • SPECIFICALLY EXPECTATIONS, NOT ACTUAL BEHAVIOR • TREAT IT LIKE A RANGE… SOME MORE IMPORTANT THEN OTHERS AND SOME FOLLOWED BY ONLY A FEW • CAN BE APPLIED SELECTIVELY. • MURDER IS ILLEGAL, BUT KILLING BY ARMY IS NOT NORMS – SHARED RULES THAT TELL PEOPLE HOW TO ACT IN SPECIFIC SITUATIONS LETS BREAK IT DOWN

  11. FOLKWAYS MORES (MORAYZ) DO HAVE GREAT MORAL SIGNIFICANCE ATTACHED VIOLATION DAMAGES OR HURTS SOCIETY EX.) STEALING, FRAUD, MURDER SERIOUS MORES ARE FORMALIZED AS LAWS • DESCRIBE COMMON ACCEPTABLE SOCIAL BEHAVIOR • BUT DO NOT HAVE GREAT MORAL SIGNIFICANCE • EX.) SHAKE HANDS, ELBOWS ON THE TABLE, NOT TURNING IN HOMEWORK

  12. 65 UNIVERSALS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED AGREE OR DISAGREE? ART AND LEISURE BASIC NEEDS BELIEFS COMMUNICATION EDUCATION FAMILY GOVERNMENT ECONOMY TECHNOLOGY Cultural universals – common to all cultures

  13. SUBCULTURE COUNTERCULTURE GROUPS THAT REJECT VALUE OF SOCIETY AND CREATES THEIR OWN Ex.) anarchists punk KKK gangs • SUBGROUPS THAT SHARE VALUES NOT SHARED BY THE ENTIRE POPULATION • Ex.) bodybuilding • emo • greaser • hippy CULTURAL VARIATIONS

  14. ETHNOCENTRISM CULTURAL RELATIVISM CULTURES SHOULD BE JUDGED BY THEIR STANDARDS RATHER THEN YOUR OWN STANDARDS ARE THERE OBJECTIVE STANDARDS TO USE? • VIEWING YOUR OWN CULTURE AS BETTER • HOW DO YOU LOOK AT OTHER CULTURES OBJECTIVELY? Responses to variationthe majority strikes back

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