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A molecular compound made of hydrogen and carbon.

1. A molecular compound made of hydrogen and carbon. 2. To remove impurities from the raw materials. This makes useful products. 3. Provides large quantities of energy and can used to synthesize many items. 4. Pure – Single substance of uniform composition. Petroleum is a complex mixture.

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A molecular compound made of hydrogen and carbon.

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  1. 1 A molecular compound made of hydrogen and carbon.

  2. 2 To remove impurities from the raw materials. This makes useful products.

  3. 3 Provides large quantities of energy and can used to synthesize many items.

  4. 4 Pure – Single substance of uniform composition. Petroleum is a complex mixture.

  5. 5 Contains many impurities.

  6. 6 16 % or 3 million barrels 84 % or 16 million barrels

  7. 7 Natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, fuel oil, diesel fuel.

  8. 8 Discuss

  9. 9 Gaoline, fuel, plastics, medicines, cosmetics, adhesives.

  10. 10 The Middle East Asia

  11. 11 North America, Asia, Europe. Central and South America, Africa, Middle East.

  12. 12 If they do not form a solution when they are mixed.

  13. 13 Water & Acetone. Boiling points are most different of any combination.

  14. 14 Sketch should include distillation flask, heat source, thermometer, condenser and catch container.

  15. 15 Temperature vs. time Two plateaus at approximately 56.5 and 100 °C.

  16. 16 Simple- Batch process; mixtures into single components. Continuous process. Mixtures into fractions

  17. 17 Light- Gasoline, solvents. Medium-kerosene, jet fuel alcohols.

  18. 17 continued Heavy – Fuel oil, diesel fuel, lubricants. Residues- asphalt, paraffin, petroleum jelly, greases.

  19. 18 Bottom- Requires the most energy to vaporize. Highest intermolecular bond strength.

  20. 19 Further distillation

  21. 20 Methane, Pentane, Hexane, Octane.

  22. 21 A bond formed by sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms.

  23. 22 No energetic advantages to sharing electrons for such atoms.

  24. 23 Electrons are attracted to the nuclei of each atom. They belong to neither but share time with both.

  25. 24 A valence shell electron.

  26. 25 Simpler to Draw

  27. 26 Arrangements of atoms within the molecule. Molecules are 3D. 2D molecules show more rigidity than really exists

  28. 27 See board example.

  29. 28 Only valence electrons are shown. Carbon has 2 inner shell electrons that are not represented.

  30. 29 C9H20 C16H34 C10H22 C18H38

  31. 30 128 g/mol 226 g/mol 142 g/mol 254 g/mol

  32. 31 Propane, C3H8 Pentane, C5H12

  33. 32 Ane implies that all carbon atoms are linked in single covalent bonds.

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