Rhetorical Terms

Rhetorical Terms Period 3

Alliteration uh-lit-uh-rey-shuhn A repetition of the same sound beginning several words in a sequence. Example: apt alliteration's artful aid

ALLUSION Brief reference to a person, event, or place, real or fictitious or to a work of art Ex). Augustus' love of sweets was his Achilles heel

Anadiplosis Definition:the repetition of the last line or clause to begin the next Examples: “At six o’clock we were waiting for coffee, waiting for coffee and the charitable crumb…” “Our doubt is our passion, and our passion is our task.” “I am Sam, Sam I am.”

ANAPHORA[uh-naf-er-uh] Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of two or more successive phrases, clauses, or lines. Ex.) “I have a dream today. I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama… I have a dream today.” –Martin Luther King Jr. Also often used in many songs ex.) In the air tonight by Phil Collins And I can feel it coming in the air tonight, Oh LordI've been waiting for this moment for all my life, Oh LordI can feel it in the air tonight, Oh Lord, Oh Lord

Antithesis [an-tith-uh-sis] Definition: Part of a sentence set in opposition or contrast to another part of the sentence “My only love sprung from my only hate.” –Romeo and Juliet, William Shakespeare “Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more.” –Julius Caesar, William Shakespeare

Antimetabolean-ti-met-ab-o-lee Antimetaboleis the repetition of words in reverse order. “Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.” –John F. Kennedy

ARCHAIC DICTION!!!!!  Ahr-key-ikdik-shuh n The use of words that are old fashioned or outdated • Ex. • Thou hast become thine.

Asyndeton uh-sin-di-ton A rhetorical term for a writing style that omits conjunctions between words, phrases or clauses. Example: “Shrimp is the fruit of the sea. You can barbecue it, boil it, broil it, bake it, saute it. Dey's uh, shrimp-kabobs, shrimp creole, shrimp gumbo. Pan fried, deep fried, stir-fried. There's pineapple shrimp, lemon shrimp, coconut shrimp, pepper shrimp, shrimp soup, shrimp stew, shrimp salad, shrimp and potatoes, shrimp burger, shrimp sandwich. That--that's about it."

Cumulative Sentence • Sentences that begin with straightforward declarations and then add on modifying details, distilling and refining the main statement • EXAMPLE: “The former palace had been ravaged by two world wars, the neglect of its indifferent neighbors, and, the harsh weather conditions of the northern coast.” [kyoo-myuh-luh-tiv sen-tns]

Denotation/Connotation Snake: Denotation-any of numerous scaly, legless, sometimes venomous reptiles having a long, tapering, cylindrical body and found in most tropical and temperate regions Connotation-evil or danger Denotation is the dictionary definition of the word Connotation are the words that get associated with the denotative meanings

Heteroglossia Part of Speech: n Definition: the existence of two or more voices within a text especially conflicting voices within a linguistic activity : example, the narrative voice and the characters in a novel Etymology: coined by Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin, Russian philosopher term translates from разноречие [raznorechie] (literally "different-speech-ness"), Answering Machine Message Examples- Different audiences reflect different parts of heteroglossia. “Hey, bros, I'm not here cuz I'm takin' the day off to hit the slopes, so catch you later." “Hi, Mom, I’m not here because I’m taking the day off to ski, so call me later.” “Hello, Mr. Harrison, I am not here because of the day I’m taking off from work, please call back later.”

Hortative Sentence(hawr-tuh-tiv) Examples: You should go; it’ll be fun. Let’s go for a walk after dinner. Let’ s sit down and talk. Maybe you might not want to drive in the rain. Maybe you should go and clean your room. Definition:A sentence that exhorts, advises, encourages, or calls to action.

IMPERATIVE SENTENCE (im-PER-uh-tiv SEN-tns) A sentence that gives advice or instructions or that expresses a request or command. It is accompanied by either an exclamation point or a period. “Pay attention to me and put that away!”

Inversion[in-vur-zhuhn, -shuhn] Any change from a basic word order or syntactic sequence, as in the placement of a subject after an auxiliary verb in a question or after the verb in an exclamation. ~ Example: “When will you go?” and “How beautiful is the rose!”

Juxtaposition[juhk-stuh-puh-zish-uhn] The act or the instance of placing two objects or ideas next to each other to show comparison (normally to show contrast) Example:

LITOTES ly-toh-teez figure of speech in which an affirmation is made by denying its opposite form of understatement, used for deliberate emphasis Examples: Not unlike = like Not useless = useful Not rare = common

Metonymy [mi-ton-uh-mee] is a figure of speech used in rhetoric in which a thing or concept is not called by its own name, but by the name of something intimately associated with that thing or concept. Example:-when people refer to the US government and say “Washington”. When people say “crown” referring to royalty “The White House asked the television networks for air time on Monday night.” “The suits on Wall Street walked off with most of our savings.”

Metaphor Definition: Something used, or regarded as being used, to represent something else; emblem; symbol. Examples: “A mighty fortress is our God.” “It is the East, and Juliet is the Sun!” Etymology: From the Latin word metaphorameaning “a transfer” especially in the sense of a word to another word.

Oxymoron [ok-si-mawr-on, -mohr-] A figure of speech that seems to be contradictory “To make haste slowly” “Cruel kindness”

ParaleipsisHolly Cunningham A rhetorical device in which an idea is emphasized by the pretence that it is too obvious to discuss. “to mention by not mentioning” Examples: -“I don’t even want to mention the fact that…” -“I will not stoop to mention that…” -“Not to mention that…”

Parallelism A parallel or comparison; the relation of parallels par-uh-le-liz-uhm, -luh-liz Ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country. --John F. Kennedy

Periodic Sentence A sentence whose main clause is withheld to the end Example: “Because I love English class, I never will miss it.” Pe-ri-od-icSen-tence

Personification An ontological metaphor in which a thing or abstraction is represented as a person. Ex: The Sun kissed the flowers

Polysyndeton: pronounced pol-ee-sin-di-ton, -tuhn The use of several conjunctions in rapid succession Helps convey mood and speed in prose. Example: It howled and thrashed and clawed at the air.

Periphrasis[puh-rif-ruh-sis] The use of an unnecessarily long or roundabout form of expression (roundabout way of expressing something) Example: “ The reason that I took your picture was in order to make a poster.” (I took your picture to make a poster.)

Rhetorical Question ri-TOR-ikal KWEST-shun example definition It’s a figure of speech in the form of a question used for its persuasive effect without expecting a reply. Rhetorical questions are often making a statement, so they don’t require an answer. Do you really have to treat me like I’m dirt all the time for no reason?

Self – Reflexive Re-flek-siv Making reference to an object or person’s own artificiality or existence For example, This is a good sentence.

Synecdoche Sin-nek-tuh-dee A figure of speech in which a part is used to represent a whole or a whole is used to represent a part For example, “ABC’s” is used to represent the alphabet, and A, B, and C are only part of the alphabet

Tri-Colon Crescendo TRY-ko-lonkri-SHEN-doh A series of three phrases with parallel structure in order of increasing importance “I came, I saw, I conquered.” “Veni, vidi, vici.” - Julius Caesar

Zeugma (zoog-muh) • the use of a word to modify or govern two or more words when… • it is appropriate to only one of them • It is appropriate to each but in a different way • examples of zeugma… • The kleptomaniac illusionist stole the show and my wallet. • You are free to execute your laws, and your citizens, as you see fit.

Rhetorical Terms